Union College Acceptance Rate, SAT/ACT Scores, GPA

Union College is a private liberal arts college with an acceptance rate of 39%. Founded in 1795 and located in Schenectady, New York, Union College was the first college chartered by the Board of Regents in New York State. Union students take courses in a Common Curriculum and can choose from over 45 degree programs. Union has a 10-to-1  student / faculty ratio, and for strengths in the liberal arts and sciences, the school earned a chapter of  Phi Beta Kappa. In athletics, the Union College Dutchmen primarily compete in the NCAA Division III Liberty League and in the Division I ECAC Conference Hockey League. Considering applying to Union College? Here are are the admissions statistics you should know, including average SAT/ACT scores and GPAs of admitted students. Acceptance Rate During the 2017-18 admissions cycle, Union College had an acceptance rate of 39%. This means that for every 100 students who applied, 39 students were admitted, making Union Colleges admissions process competitive. Admissions Statistics (2017-18) Number of Applicants 6,716 Percent Admitted 39% Percent Admitted Who Enrolled (Yield) 22% SAT Scores and Requirements Union College has a test-optional standardized testing policy for most students. Applicants to Union College may submit SAT or ACT scores to the school, but they are not required.  During the 2017-18 admissions cycle, 50% of admitted students submitted SAT scores .Note that homeschooled students and those applying for the Leadership in Medicine program or the 33 Accelerated Law Program are required to submit standardized test scores. SAT Range (Admitted Students) Section 25th Percentile 75th Percentile ERW 620 700 Math 650 730 ERW=Evidence-Based Reading and Writing This admissions data tells us that of those students who submitted scores during the 2017-18 admissions cycle, most of  Union Colleges admitted students fall within the  top 20% nationally  on the SAT. For the evidence-based reading and writing section, 50% of students admitted to Union College scored between 620 and 700, while 25% scored below 620 and 25% scored above 700. On the math section, 50% of admitted students scored between 650 and 730, while 25% scored below 650 and 25% scored above 730. While the SAT is not required, this data tells us that a composite SAT score of 1430 or higher is competitive for Union College. Requirements Union College does not require SAT scores for admission for most applicants. For students who choose to submit scores, note that Union College participates in the scorechoice program, meaning that the admissions office will consider your highest score from each individual section across all SAT test dates. Note that applicants to the Leadership in Medicine program are required to submit the SAT writing section and SAT Subject tests. ACT Scores and Requirements Union College has a test-optional standardized testing policy for most students. Applicants to Union College may submit SAT or ACT scores to the school, but they are not required.  During the 2017-18 admissions cycle, 29% of admitted students submitted ACT scores. Note that homeschooled students and those applying for the Leadership in Medicine program or the 33 Accelerated Law Program are required to submit standardized test scores. ACT Range (Admitted Students) Section 25th Percentile 75th Percentile English 27 34 Math 27 31 Composite 28 32 This admissions data tells us that of those who submitted scores during the 2017-18 admissions cycle, most of Union Colleges admitted students fall within the  top 12% nationally  on the ACT. The middle 50% of students admitted to Union College received a composite ACT score between 28 and 32, while 25% scored above 32 and 25% scored below 28. Requirements Note that Union College does not require ACT scores for admission for most applicants. For students who choose to submit scores, Union College participates in the scorechoice program, meaning that the admissions office will consider your highest score from each individual section across all ACT test dates. Except for applicants to the Leadership in Medicine program, Union does not require the ACT writing section. GPA In 2018, the average high school GPA for incoming Union College freshmen was 3.4, and over 45% of incoming students had average GPAS of 3.5 and above. These results suggest that most successful applicants to Union College have primarily high B grades. Self-Reported GPA/SAT/ACT Graph Union College Applicants Self-Reported GPA/SAT/ACT Graph. Data courtesy of Cappex. The admissions data in the graph is self-reported by applicants to Union College. GPAs are unweighted. Find out how you compare to accepted students, see the real-time graph, and calculate your chances of getting in  with a free Cappex account. Admissions Chances Union College, which accepts fewer than half of applicants, has a competitive admissions pool with high average SAT/ACT scores and GPAs. However, Union College also has a  holistic admissions  process and is test-optional, and admissions decisions are based on more than numbers. A strong  application essay  and  glowing letters of recommendation  can strengthen your application, as can participation in meaningful  extracurricular activities  and a  rigorous course schedule. The college is looking for students who will contribute to the campus community in meaningful ways, not just students who show promise in the classroom. While not required, Union strongly recommends  interviews  for interested applicants. Students with particularly compelling stories or achievements can still receive serious consideration even if their grades and scores are outside of Union Colleges average range. In the graph above, the blue and green dots represent students who were admitted to Union College. Most had SAT scores of 1200 or higher, an ACT composite of 25 or higher, and a high school average of a B or better. The majority of admitted students had grades in the A range. Note that standardized test scores matter less than grades because Union has test-optional admissions. If You Like Union College, You May Also Like These Schools Skidmore CollegeTufts UniversityTrinity CollegeHobart William Smith CollegesCornell UniversityBates CollegeAlfred UniversityVassar CollegeBinghamton UniversitySyracuse UniversityStony Brook University All admissions data has been sourced from the National Center for Education Statistics and Union College Undergraduate Admissions Office.

Why Chinese mothers are superior - 900 Words

â€Å"Why Chinese mothers are superior† is an essay published in The Wall Street Journal in January 2011. It is written by Amu Chua, who is also the author of the book â€Å"Battle Hymn of the Tiger Mother†. In the essay deals with the ever controversial question of how to raise a child. How to make your kids grow up happy, strong and self-reliant. Different cultures have very different perspectives on upbringing and education, and in this essay Chua presents the Chinese parenting method. The essay caused a large stir, generating more than 4.000 comments on the webpage of The Wall Street Journal and around 100.000 comments on Facebook. The global debate that Amy Chua started is not surprising, since the Chinese way of raising children is very†¦show more content†¦9 line 88. The western perception is more pro-individuality, cultivating the children’s preferences and desires. This is for better or worse, since some children like watching TV all day and som e parents let them. â€Å"Once a child starts to excel at something - whether it’s math, piano, pitching or ballet - he or she gets praise, admiration and satisfaction. This builds confidence and makes the once not-fun activity fun.† p. 3 line 44. Amy Chua’s main argument in favor of the Chinese parenting methods is that nothing is more motivating and strengthening of the confidence as success. And I believe no one would argue that. The problem is, however, that Chua believes that nearly no methods are off limits to achieve success. Success should be achievable without the use of excessive methods as shaming, punishing and excoriating the child. Parent should motivate their kids to excel and not punish them if they don’t. By this not saying that discipline shouldn’t be a part of the upbringing, because it should to some point. It is difficult to define the point to which it is acceptable to push your kids, but doing things to actually harm your children to make them feel more motivated is taking it to far. Putting too much pressure on the child will never do any good, especially when taking the mindset and the insecurity into account. A child should feel loved by its parents no matter what, and not dependi ng if they got an A or if they played the piano piece right. HowShow MoreRelatedWhy Chinese Mothers Are Superior992 Words   |  4 PagesWhy Chinese Mothers are superior In 2011 Amy Chua wrote an article in which she involves people in how Chinese parents are raising their children. There are huge differences in how western parents are raising their children and how Chinese parents are raising their children. As a western person the methods Chua is using seems a little rough, but maybe it is the way to go. Her children have never been at a sleepover and the only choices they had was playing the piano or the violin. While readingRead MoreWhy Chinese Mothers Are Superior1526 Words   |  7 PagesYale law professor Amy Chua presents a harsh comparison of Chinese and Western ideas of child rearing in her essay entitled â€Å"Why Chinese Mothers are Superior.† This essay is an excerpt from her controversial 2011 book entitled Battle Hymn of the Tiger Mom and was published as an op-ed in a 2011 edition of The New York Times. In this essay Chua strives to challenge the readers’ idea of Chinese mothers and the way that they choose to effective ly raise their children, and to present the reader withRead MoreWhy Chinese Mothers Are Superior1496 Words   |  6 PagesAmy Chua’s â€Å"Why Chinese Mothers Are Superior† highlights the different ways of parenting. Even though her title specifically states â€Å"Chinese Mothers,† this term is used to describe vast majority of Asian parents’ way of nurturing. These â€Å"tiger mothers† make their kids practice musical instrument numerous hours a day without a break and demand straight As. They force their children to keep enhancing their academic skill because she thinks that her children have the potential to be the best. The kids’Read MoreWhy Chinese Mothers Are Superior856 Words   |  4 Pagesstyles and Chinese are considered authoritarian. Amy Chua, a Yale professor, a famous author, who recently wrote the book, â€Å"Battle Hymn of the Tiger Mother†, in which she discuses parenting and the difference between Chinese and Weste rn parenting. After reading â€Å" Why Chinese Mothers Are Superior†, she argues about different parenting styles and how Chinese parents are superior in terms of focusing on education with their kids. According to the Toulmin model, Amy Chua claims that Chinese parents raiseRead MoreWhy Chinese Mothers Are Superior1214 Words   |  5 PagesWhy Chinese Mothers Are Superior ------------------------------------------------- Amy Chua â€Å"Hey fatty – lose some weight.† Do you think this sound like a mother who is superior? According to the Western idea of what good parenting includes this would be intolerable, but if you consider this from an Eastern point of view this wouldn’t be wrong or abnormal. In additional it seems that Chinese parents can get away with things that Western parents can’t which alludes to talk about two different child-rearingRead MoreWhy Chinese Mothers Are Superior1207 Words   |  5 Pages†Why Chinese Mothers are Superior† It is impossible to deny the difficulty of childrearing. There is no manual but there are indeed methods more ethically correct than others. This is of course a subjective matter and often leads to endless discussions. The ways of childrearing have changed over the years and varies a lot based on the environment/country surrounding the parents and their children. In the article, â€Å"Why Chines Mothers are Superior†, Amy Chua, the professor at Yale law school, attemptsRead MoreAnalysis Of Why Chinese Mothers Are Superior1210 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"Why Chinese Mothers Are Superior† Critique The article, â€Å"Why Chinese Mothers Are Superior,† seemed like it had completely inflamed the entire United States due to the content that the author and Yale Law School professor, Amy Chua had included in her writing. This Chinese mother described her parenting style as superior and all knowing compared to the parenting style of the common Western parent which was described as anxious and conflicted. The article follows the structure of the chinese mothersRead MoreAnalysis Of Why Chinese Mothers Are Superior1236 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"Why Chinese Mothers Are Superior† Critique Amy Chua, a professor at Yale Law School, the author of â€Å"The World on Fire†, â€Å"Day of Empire†, and â€Å"Why They Fall†, in a Wall street Journal on January 8th, 2011, believes chinese mothers are the most rigorous on their children. The title of the article â€Å"Why Chinese Mothers Are Superior† was not chosen by Amy, but by the Wall Street Journal. Even though Amy did not write the title, there is reasoning that she does believe that chinese parenting is superiorRead MoreReasons Why Chinese Mothers are Superior803 Words   |  4 PagesWhy Chinese mothers are superior Af Mathias Hammerstrà ¸m ________________________________________________________________________________________________ Write an essay (900-1200 words) in which you analyser and comment on Amy Chua’s article â€Å"Why Chinese Mothers Are Superior†. Part of your essay must focus on how the writer engages the reader and on possible consequences of adopting Amy Chua’s values and methods of upbringing. There’s a lot of different ways to raise your kids, and a lotRead MoreWhy Chinese Mothers Are Superior By Amy Chua1119 Words   |  5 Pagesthemselves this question since the beginning of mankind. Some methods are better than others and some are quite questionable. In â€Å"Why Chinese Mothers Are Superior†, Amy Chua discusses the effectiveness of her parenting style. This is an excerpt from Amy Chua’s book Battle Hymn of the Tiger Mother. According to Behrens and Rosen, â€Å"the title â€Å"Why Chinese Mothers Are Superior† was written by the editors of the [Wall Street] Journal, not by Chua, most likely in an attempt (a successful one) to attract attention

Paner A Successful Company With A Bright Future - 1309 Words

While I believe that Panera is a successful company with a bright future, I have a few recommendations which I hope could help Panera further grow their business. I have included a plan of action for each recommendation. I recommend that Panera open drive thru service in all of their restaurants. They could provide drinks and pastries through the drive thru to customers on the go in the morning. This would especially be beneficial during bad weather when consumers are leery of leaving their vehicles. By providing this service Panera will be able to get more of a market share on the morning commuters. To put this in action Panera should first analyze which of their buildings are already situated with an outside wall that could accommodate a window and driving lane. Next Panera should begin the training and construction needed at these stores. Panera should then evaluate any necessary changes to other stores that are within malls, or come to the realization that a drive thru is not an option without moving the stores. Those stores would be last to deal with. I recommend that Panera partner with recording companies to create promotions which will help both Panera and the recording industry. I think Panera would benefit from linking the customer rewards card with music downloads on the internet. In order to do this Panera would need to meet with several recording companies to obtain rights and to make a mutually beneficial agreement. After the agreement is in place Panera

Why Lower the Legal Drinking Age - 801 Words

States that lower the drinking age below 21 lose 10% of their annual federal highway appropriations (Haevens). This is the main reason the legal drinking age has not been lower below 21 years of age.a large number of the general population desires a lower drinking age. In the 25 years since the legal drinking age was set at 21, seven states have tried to lower it. (Wechsier ).It is unfair for the federal government to withhold money from states if they exercise their rights to set the legal drinking age to what they think is right. Twenty-six states do allow underage drinking of wine at religious ceremonies ( Drinking Age 1). The legal age to drink alcohol should be lowered to 18 to allow for parental guidance, to help prevent binge drinking, and to help reduce the amount of drinking and driving. Lowering the drinking age will allow for parental guidance for the young people starting drinking alcohol. If younger people were allowed to drink with their parents they would not engage in risky behaviors such as asking strangers for alcohol. The drinking age in three western European countries is lower than 21 and in those countries the young people learn to control themselves(Wechsier ).The Amethyst Initiative, signed by also 140 College presidents argues that age 21 is not solving the problem and that perhaps youths will drink more responsibly if they have more parental supervision (Haeven 73). At present 29 states still allow those under 21 to drink with the stipulationsShow MoreRelatedMinimum Legal Drinking Age ( Tietjen )1700 Words   |  7 PagesMinimum Legal Drinking Age On July 17 of 1984 President Ronald Reagan signed to make the National Minimum Drinking Age Act a law. This law required all states to have a minimum drinking age of 21, if a state did not comply with this law they could face up to a 10% cut in funding for their federal highways (Tietjen). Since this act became a law there has been two distinct sides arguing whether they agree with the minimum drinking age, or whether they disagree. One side believes having a minimum drinkingRead MoreWhy Lowering The Drinking Age Is A Good Idea?. Lowering1627 Words   |  7 PagesWhy Lowering the Drinking Age is a Good Idea? Lowering the drinking age to 18 in the United States has been a source of controversy in recent years. It has been a controversial topic because many people disagree, while many agree with the topic. For example, the people who disagree and are against lowering the drinking age to 18 believe we should not lower the drinking age because 18 year old individuals are not responsible enough to drink alcohol. While, the people who agree we should lower theRead MoreControversy over the Drinking Age958 Words   |  4 Pageswhat age should be considered the proper age to drink alcohol has been intensely debated. Since the 1980s, the nationwide legal drinking age has been 21 and older for the United States. However, this age limit imposed on the consumption of alcohol was controversial then, and it continues to be so today. In 2008, John McCardell, leader of Choose Responsibility and former president of Middlebury College, joined a campaign known as the Amethyst Initiative, which proposed lowering the drinking age toRead MoreUnderage Drinking Is Part Of The Culture Of College1734 Words   |  7 Pagesthat I did discover is that underage drinking is part of the culture in college, also the friends that I had in high school who are 21 now I have discovered they drink some of the least amount now. Which has begun to make me wonder why people who are 21 drink less than people who are underage. I believe that when people are 21 they now do not have to worry about the next time they can get alcohol. Congress should lower the drinking age from 21 to 18 because at age 18 when they are in college, forRead MoreThe Drinking Age Should Be Lowered1542 Words   |  7 Pagesplaced on drinking alcohol and some are controversial. With the majority of the world having a drinking age of 18 years old many often wonde r why does the United States have their own at 21 years of age. This has been a topic of much discussion and drama ever since the law was put in place by the US government. There are many people who agree with the law the US have placed on alcohol but there are even more people who have a problem with it. Not only do these people have a problem with the age but theyRead MoreLegal Drinking Age : Should It Be Altered?1408 Words   |  6 Pages Legal Drinking Age: Should It Be Altered? The legal drinking age has been an ongoing controversy for decades, consisting of people who are for lowering, raising, or keeping the age with multiple reasons behind each side. It is commonly known that consuming alcohol can have life-threatening effects on the human body, but these effects can be much harsher at a younger age. Reducing the age for eighteen year olds may result in senseless acts from the drug. Statistics prove that maintainingRead MorePersuasive Essay On Underage Drinking1291 Words   |  6 PagesUnderage drinking is one of the largest problems that we have in the United States. This is a problem because alcohol is an item that nobody under twenty-one years of age is allowed to purchase or consume. People who are underage are punished by law when they consume or attempt to purchase alcohol illegally. This makes people under twenty-one want alcohol even more. In other countries where the drinking age is lower, there are less problems because it gives par ents the push to teach their childrenRead MoreThe Legal Drinking Age Should Be Lowered955 Words   |  4 PagesIn the United States of America, the National Government requires the states to enforce a legal drinking age of twenty-one. Where as the world average drinking age is eighteen, and in some Countries it is even lower where it is possible to get a beer at sixteen years of age. Taking that into consideration, there is a great deal of controversy in the United States on what the legal age should be to purchase and consume an alcoholic beverage. The largest issue being that you are considered to be anRead MoreLowering Legal Drinking Age Essay1417 Words   |  6 PagesLowering the Drinking Age Half the United States population starts drinking at the age of 14.When you are 18 you have privileges like joining the army. (Mitch Adams Lowering the drinking age page 1) You can go to war and die for your country but you still can not enjoy an ice cold beer. (Mitch Adams Lowering the drinking age page 1) How is being 21 different from being 18? How does three more years of not drinking make you mature enough to drink? The longer you drink the more you start toRead MoreShould The Legal Alcohol Age Be Changed?1560 Words   |  7 Pages To fight for our country at the age of 18 and seeing things that only you could imagine in the battlefield. Coming home from deployment and just wanting a simple beer for your hard work but not being able to buy any because you are not 21 years of age. How is that fair to the men in the military forces? Fighting for our country’s freedom but not being able to have a few beers with your closest friends and family members. The topic of th e legal alcohol age being changed has been a great topic

Electronic Voting Systems free essay sample

Electronic voting systems Can they hack it, or can they be hacked? The incredible advances of technology and computing in our society over the last few decades has touched every aspect of our lives, from schools to businesses, from controlling traffic lights on the streets to keeping our airplanes from going bump in the night. Technology has managed to make the little tasks of life easier, while making the big picture so much more complex than ever before.We have sought to develop technology to improve and replace just about everything email has taken over for the post office, blogs and webisodes are replacing television, and even books are more widely sold in electronic form. Is it any real surprise that those engineers and programmers are working to replace the old paper ballots and punchcards of voting as well? Electronic voting systems are quite varied in style, construction, and capabilites. One of the more prevalent systems in use today is called Direct Recording Electronic. We will write a custom essay sample on Electronic Voting Systems or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page DRE is an adaptation of the mechanical lever machines, and utilize a touch screen or pushbuttons for user interaction. An alphanumeric keypad is often available as well, allowing for write-in votes. In 1996, 7. 7% of the registered voters in the United States used some type of direct recording electronic voting system. (Bellis) Other forms of electronic voting machine range from commercial, off-the-shelf laptops with simple programs to proprietary equipment with advanced security and identification systems.The biggest problem that most Americans have with all forms of electronic voting is that of security, of identification, and of accuracy and trustworthiness. One of the most prevalent threats in the world today is that of electronic security – any computer connected to a network can be hacked, can be controlled and tampered with, producing whatever information is desired. The vulnerability to hacking is often cited as the key concern in implementing electronic voting systems in the USA. Some say that a closed system offers the perfect solution.If there is no external communications pathway, then there is no risk of hacking, or gaining unauthorized entry into the tabulation system. Texas requires the use of closed systems. Most counties do not use modem transfer or only do so from substations, not directly from the polling place.. . It is possible to detect attempts to enter a modem line. Also, the Counting Station should still accept surrender and delivery of the physical medium and compare the tally and number of votes cast on the medium to the modemed results. (ProCon. org) Others argue that even these closed systems are vulnerable to attack.Vendors and election jurisdictions generally state that they do not transmit election results from precincts via the Internet, but they may transmit them via a direct modem connection. However, even this approach may be subject to attack via the Internet, especially if encryption and verification are not sufficient. That is because telephone transmission systems are themselves increasingly connected to the Internet and computers to which the receiving server may be connected, such as through a local area network (LAN), may have Internet connections.In fact, organizations may be unaware of the extent of such connections. (ProCon. org) The security of our computing systems will always be a struggle to maintain. As quickly as we develop new ways to encrypt and decipher our data, hackers find away to unravel the systems. Many see it as a challenge, and seek to do no harm – simply defeating the ciphers is often enough. Regardless of the level of ill-intent, the simple fact that these systems have repeatedly proven unreliable is enough to stall their widespread implementation, at least in the USA. Even if we get the technology right, we still won’t be done.If the goal of a voting system is to accurately translate voter intent into a final tally, the voting machine is only one part of the overall system. In the 2004 U. S. election, problems with voter registration, untrained poll workers, ballot design, and procedures for handling problems resulted in far more votes not being counted than problems with the technology. But if we’re going to spend money on new voting technology, it makes sense to spend it on technology that makes the problem easier instead of harder. (Schneier) Maybe well wont see reliable e-voting in our lifetime.

Management Information Systems Study in Business Institutions

Question: Describe about the Management Information Systems for Study in Business Institutions. Answer: Efficiency and Effectiveness of MIS to students and Faculty The information management system of an industry is a dynamic scope of study in business institutions. The continuous change in technology, management, and business processes has created a base for the establishment of MIS in business organizations (Laudon, Laudon, and Elragal, 2011). The main examples of technologies that resulted from the adoption of MIS are the establishment of digital learning, Smartphone based education, and the creation of links in the social media. Management information systems apply the strategic utilization of systems and technologies that communicate different information to the students some of which are explained. MIS enables the sharing of information through systems grounded on technology with the maximum interest of stakeholders as they undergo their tutorials(Peppard Ward, 2016). Further, it enables the production of more effective integration into the institutions value-adding processes. It also enhances students cognitive processes in generating insight from information; they provide professionals and members in the field with the relevant data needed to support the growth, evaluation, and initiation of curriculum-based strategies. This has given birth to E-Services and online market that have raised giants in the market such as Amazon and Uber (Peppard Ward, 2016). Information systems can also be used in the management of emergencies. Live simulation exercises and computer-based simulations have a crucial role to play in emergency management. The requirements and need so of different stakeholders vary according to different phases of the emergency management. Several technologies exist for developing computer-based simulations. Two technologies have become popular in emergency management; virtual reality and agent based. Creating a simulator requires an understanding of how emergency personnel makes choices and decisions, how they diagnose situations, their method of communication and cooperation with fellow emergency staff and how all these things are affected by the crisis environment which is always changing (Walle et al., 2014). Stakeholders need to know the cognitive activities and processes of emergency personnel. Based on a cognitive engineering approach, we create a methodology for developing a computer-based simulator. We after that sh ow how this method can be applied in developing a simulator for creating rescue plans and new communication technologies to tackle real-life situations. Challenges Faced by Universities in Managing Information Systems Management information systems, however, face some challenges for example in organizations as they try to leverage their IT investment in line with their enterprise goals. One of these difficulties includes the management of organizational knowledge and outsourcing. Global market revenues from IT outsourcing were estimated to have grown rapidly and tremendously and while there are signs of strain , including rising wages and supply of suitably qualified graduates, India still has the world's fastest growing and largest offshoring sector, well dominated by IT services. There is also a question of privacy which considers issues of knowledge ownership when that knowledge, whether organizational or personal is transferred between organizations and individuals (Galliers and Leidner, 2014). High maintenance cost for the systems. Universities are faced with the challenge of managing the information systems so that they cope with the current market demands and also to ensure that the technologies adopted are sophisticated enough to be updated when a new innovative and creative idea is gotten by a student while carrying out his or her tutorials. References Galliers, R. D., Leidner, D. E. (2014).Strategic information management: challenges and strategies in managing information systems. Routledge. Laudon, K. C., Laudon, J. P. (2011).Management information systems(Vol. 8). New Jersey: Prentice Hall. Van De Walle, B., Turoff, M., Hiltz, S. R. (2014).Information systems for emergency management. Routledge. Ward, J., Peppard, J. (2016).The Strategic Management of Information Systems: Building a Digital Strategy. John Wiley Sons.

The Yellow Wallpaper By Charlotte Gilman

Introduction ‘The yellow wallpaper’ by Charlotte Perkins Gilman Gwynn is an intriguing story of a sick woman, Charlotte Perkins, confined in a room for treatment by her husband, a physician.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Yellow Wallpaper By Charlotte Gilman specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Charlotte is suffering from neurasthenia. Cared by his overprotective physician husband, but instead treats the care and concern as unfair for confinement and a twenty-four hours bed rest prescription. Charlotte sickness makes her realize that nobody can listen to her ideas; she resorts to write secretly in her daily journals as a way of expressing her compliments to somebody. On few occasions is she allowed visiting other people, in fact those she visits are her husband’s suggestion, who are normally usual close family relatives, those she suggests her husband turns them down. There is a clear misunde rstanding on care, love and concern between the patient and the physician. The Yellow Wallpaper Persuasion Essay The fact that the patient is the physician’s wife ought to portray a picture of mutual agreements and understandings rather than subjecting ones decision to the other with a reason for care and protection. A small inclination to the husband’s decisions is better, but a usual put off to charlotte’s ideas causes misunderstanding. However, she pursues on the wallpaper finding to get a clear clue of what is affecting them all, especially her husband the sister in law. With the nervous breakdown all the ideas and suggestions that charlotte comes up with, with a view of positive response are against his husband’s final decision â€Å"†¦. there is something strange about the house — I can feel it. I even said so to John one †¦.but he said what I felt was a draught, and †¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Gilman, 2001, p.2). The husband is thinking out o f prejudice, which is the real cause of misunderstandings in the context. Although the misunderstandings brought about by the idea that she might be suffering from brain disorders it does not really mean that she is wrong all the time. She gives a comment that even the reader succumbs to when she says, â€Å"Personally, I disagree with their ideas. Personally, I believe that congenial work, with excitement and change, would do me good† (Gilman, 2001, p.1). With such a sickness one can show care by undertaking congenial work with the patient but the husbands sees it as very wrong. The physician portrayed with a domineering character has shown negligence to her wife psychological support. This is from the misinformation of how sick Charlotte is. She believes that she is not very sick. Yet, her husband knows she is in a critical condition that does not allow her to think or give compliments â€Å"†¦ but John says the very worst thing I can do is to think about my condition , and I confess it always makes me feel bad† (Gilman, 2001, p.1).Advertising Looking for essay on american literature? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The misunderstanding is portrayed again when Charlotte is awake all night long. Her husband does not talk to her in most of the times, he thinks she will be stressed and worsen her situation. On the other hand, Charlotte has always longed for days when they will have some nice talks and discussions with her husband. When she tries to bring up a topic to shift houses she is put off with an excuse that it was not time for such a discussion. She goes back to bed but does not sleep, rather just stares at the moonlight (Gilman, 2001, p.8). Symbolism Gilman has given well-elaborated insights on the meaning of the Yellow Wall Paper. â€Å"She has done this in a slow yet steady pace to release the metaphors that are a clue to the Yellow Wall Paper as a symbol of her husbandâ€⠄¢s authority and dominance† (Gwynn Zani, 2007, p.71). It just begins with the main character’s fascination of the ugliness of the Yellow Wall Paper. The use of imagery has been well tuned to bring out the aspect that is feminism. While one might argue that too much use of this has made the story complex and hard to understand, it has helped bring home the intended agenda. â€Å"One of the images found in the paper tends to change with different lighting† (Gwynn Zani, 2007, p.71). This is meant to depict her husband as inconsistent in handling matters especially those that directly affect her. Conclusion The plot and characters in the story confirm that the misunderstanding is caused by misinformation of the patient’s real status and fear of his attention to involve her in anything other than the treatment. No wonder Charlotte goes after her pursuit secretly, to get the creeping woman, if she attempted to reveal to anyone then she could not realize it. S he even keeps her daily journal secretly for the same reason. The use of the first person narration has worked well in bringing home the main theme as it evokes the reader’s emotions to empathize the thesis; the husband’s love misunderstood for confinement in the room and care misunderstood for deterrence from involvement in other activities and thoughts that may worsen the condition. References Gilman, C. (2001). The Yellow Wall-paper. Ragged edge Online. Retrieved from http://www.raggededgemagazine.com/0701/0701lostclass1.htm Gwynn, R.S., Zani, S.J. (2007). Inside literature: Reading, responding, arguing. New York: Pearson Longman.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Yellow Wallpaper By Charlotte Gilman specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This essay on The Yellow Wallpaper By Charlotte Gilman was written and submitted by user Jordyn D. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Internal External Validity of Experimental Research Essay Example

Internal External Validity of Experimental Research Paper History Effect When events occur between the pretest post-test that could affect participants in such a way as to impact the dependent variable; e.g. stress, natural disasters, news events, illness, etc. Strategy: Use a control groups that is unable to be exposed to such an unplanned for event; i.e. track those who dont receive any treatment/alteration of independent variable. Maturation Effect EWhen changes are seen in subjects b/c of the time that has elapsed since the study began may not necessarily be due to program effects; i.e. over time participants may have become wiser, stronger, more experienced therefore not affected by indep. variable; most commonly seen in children. Strategy: Establish a control group. This would account for any developmental changes as both groups would experience such, so further changes could most likely be due to indep. variable. Testing Effect By being pretested, participants may learn how to do better on the test or post test, whenever they take the test again, that is supposed to measure the indep. variable. Strategy: Use a control group that does not receive pre-testing, but only administration of the indep. variable, and post-test, then compare the results. Instrumentation Effect When the instrument is inaccurate or procedures are not standardized the correlation or causation of a phenomena can be misrepresented. Strategy: Use well-designed instruments that have been pilot tested and reviewed by advisors, colleagues, and other researchers who have performed similar studies. Selection Bias When individuals are selected in a non random manner and participants separated into different groups w/in the experiment (experimental vs. control) they may have difference before even starting the study, instead of differences being dues to effects of the indep. variable. We will write a custom essay sample on Internal External Validity of Experimental Research specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Internal External Validity of Experimental Research specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Internal External Validity of Experimental Research specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Four Strategies: 1. Dont use intact groups (such as Dr. Rosss freshman psychology class at XXX University) 2. Recruit volunteersthen randomly assign to groups, rather than letting volunteers self-select. 3. Matching subjects on selected characteristics.. then randomly assigning them to groups 5. Pretesting groups on measures of the dependent variable to make sure there are no pretreatment differences between groups Selection Maturation Effect Combination of selection bias w/ maturation; When using intact groups that vary in their maturation level. Strategy: Pretesting or Prescreening groups to rule out differences in maturity levels with each intact group Statistical Regression When participants are selected on the basis of their extremely high or low scores Strategy: Use a random sample representing the full range of the dep. variable being measured rather than the entire intact group and placing them into high low scores Statistical Regression When participants are selected on the basis of their extremely high or low scores Strategy: Use a random sample representing the full range of the dep. variable being measured rather than the entire intact group and placing them into high low scores Mortality/Attrition Effect Losing participants over the course of the study dues to death, illness, or relocation, or drop outs (least motivated individuals, etc). Strategy: 1. Oversampling, and large N#s is one way to overcome small group size. 2. Use incentives to encourage participant to stay in the study. 3. Obtaining good demographic info about study participants at the beginning and then determining how much group makeup has changed at the end will help account for mortality Hawthorne Effect When participants attitude(s) toward being involved in the study affect the way they behave; i.e. when a study group receives special attention over the control group, any noted differences in dep. variable may simply be a result of the attention given, not the effect of the indep. variable. Strategy: Provide the control group with some type of special treatment that is comparable to the experimental group but wold not have a direct impact on the dep. variable. 2. Keep participants from knowing that they are taking part in a study or being observed (however, due to IRB, this is difficult nowadays) Placebo Effect When participant expectations of what the indep. variable will do, affect the dep. variable. Strategies: 1. Use a control group (e.g. blind or double-blind study) 2. Give participants the same info. whether or not they are in the control or experimental group (give them as little info as possible to reduce any expectations, therefore similar small expectations any differences between groups are more likely from the RX effects than placebo effects. Diffusion of Treatment When the Rx being applied to one group pills over or contaminates another group Strategy: Use a separate intact group for the control group that is similar to but away from/unable to be influenced by the experimental group Location Effect When there are differences in the locations where interventions take place Strategy: Make the locations equitable / same for all participants Implementation Effect When the individual(s) responsible for implementing the indep. variable inadvertently introduce inequality or bias into the study. (e.g. researcher favors one group or another) Strategy: 1. Ensure the knowledge levels, understanding of the program personality traits, and presentation skills are equitable. (i.e. make sure all research assistants are equally trained and competent and follow a standardize protocol for implementation. 2. Have all researchers involved present to/interact with all groups. 3. Have someone other than the program developer present the program. (e.g. a. the person presenting should not have a vested interest in one group or the other; b. have a neutral observer watch the presenter with specific instructions to look for ways in which the two groups are being treated differently) Selection Treatment Interaction When the ability of a researcher to generalize the results of the study beyond the groups involved is compromised in some manner. Strategy; Use a random sample, no intact groups. Train the same presenters to employ the study across multiple groups involving a diverse study population. (external validity) Setting Treatment Interaction The extent to which the environmental conditions or setting under which an experimental study is conducted can be duplicated in other settings. Strategy: Attempt to use similar or relatively universal environmental settings. History Treatment Interaction When the researcher tries to generalize findings to past and future situations. ( most studies are time-sensitve until repeated. Strategy: Make participation in the study as convenient as possible.

Japense Government Essays - Government Of Japan, Politics Of Japan

Japense Government Japanese Government Vs American Government In this report I will compare and contrast Japans Executive Branch to the American Executive Branch, such as the Japanese Prime Minister to the American President, and also some of the other offices of the Cabinet. The Japanese government isnt all that much different than that of which we Americans have. Both countries have an executive leader, which is the Japanese Prime Minister, and of course the American President. Both countries also have a constitution, the Japanese was not written by choice though, but written under General MacArthurs supervision in 1946 following their surrender in World War II, when an Occupation Government was also set up for them, most likely not by choice. Their constitution is almost identical to ours because it states that political power rests with the people, and also starts out the same as ours by saying; We, the Japanese People. Both countries have a legislature, which theirs is called the National Diet. The two countries have a whole different stru cture of government. In America we directly elect our president by a vote through the whole country, which isnt what it is like in Japan. In Japan it goes through this system; 1st the voters of Japan elect the Diet, or what we would call the legislature, which consists of the house of representatives, and the house of counselors. The diet then chooses a Prime Minister, or president, which the House of Representatives can dismiss him, within a certain reason. After these processes, the Prime Minister then appoints the Cabinet, which exercises the executive power in the Central Government. In the diet, there are 512 members of the House of Representatives, chosen from 130 election districts, with one exception elects from 3 to 5 representatives. Each voter has one vote, but 3 to 5 candidates who receive the largest amount of votes are elected, and serve for 4 years unless the parliament is dissolved before the term expires. The house of Counselors consists of 252 members who are chose n for 6-year terms, where they most likely will serve their full term. Twelve members of the cabinet preside over departments or ministries of the government, which include the ministries of justice, foreign affairs, finance, education, health and welfare, agriculture and forestry, and labor. The remaining cabinet members are the so-called ministers of the state, which include the deputy prime minister and heads of various agencies such as the economic planning agency and the science and technology agency. Most of the time a minister will only remain in office for only one year, because of the high turnover in the cabinet. Bureaucrats provide the diet with the expert knowledge required for long term planning, which is commonly emphasized in Japan. Japan has a multiparty system in which one party, the Liberal Democratic Party, has been dominant since it was founded in 1955. They also have left opposition parties. The leading opposition party is the Japanese Socialist party that has c onstantly held more than 100 seats in the Diet. The second opposition group on the left is the Japanese communist party, a legal party that has held less than 10 percent of the seats in the diet. The third and last opposition party is the Komei, or clean government party. Its objective is to purify Japanese politics and improve the quality of life in Japan. Government Essays

Hamada Essays - British Brands, Virgin Trains, Virgin Group, Train

Virgin Train Marketing Management Contents 1. Executive summary....3 2. virgin train introduction..3 3. The importance of marketing.3 4. Market research plan...4 5. Macro environment.5 5.1 The impact of politics in virgin railways.5 5.2 Envelopments of Economic.?.5 5.3 Social interaction with virgin trains.....5 5.4 The technological issue...6 5.5 The legal impact.6 5.6 Ecological..7 6. SWOT Analysis .7 7. Porters Competitive forces and generic strategies..9 8. Marketing mix11 8.1 Product. ..?.11 8.2 Price.?.12 8.3 places...?.12 8.4 Promotion....?.13. 8.5 People...14 8.6 Process.....14 8.7 Physical evidence .....15 9. Conclusion...15 10. Bibliography...16 1. Executive summary This assignment is written for subject of Managing Market, and the company chosen is virgin train. In this assignment I tried to show what are the company market strategic are, what are the current market planning and what is influence of decision making on companies macro environment recent year. In this assignment I will be discussing how virgin trains is use-marketing mix to get competitive advantage. How virgin train is reacting with other competitive aliens on there resent change on British railway. In this assignment, i will be doing SWOT analysis about virgin train. I will use Porters competitive forces and generic strategies, to analysis the market planning, how macro environment has influenced its decision-making, and what are the changes have come recently. 2. Virgin trains introduction Virgin train is United Kingdom?s one of main railways company. The company is franchise from March 1997till march 2012. Two-share holder owns the company; virgin management owned by Sir Richard Branson who owns majority of share 51% and another 49% by Stagecoach plc. They have their group of board of directors from both the side. The virgin train operates all major cities of the United Kingdom. The main services are London to West midlands, which mainly cover London to north of country such as Scotland, covered by all main cites in England to North Wales. Another major service is cross-country service, which operated longest distance in country, from the south and south west of England via midlands to north of England and Scotland. 3. Importance of marketing Marketing is THE KEY business function. Marketing is so basic it cannot ne considered a separate function it?s a key of any business. It is the whole business seen from the point of view of the final result, and that main point view from any customer to any business. Many associations describe marketing on different way with same meaning such as, ?British Chartered Institute of marketing? defines it ?Marketing is the management process responsible for identifying, anticipating and satisfying customer requirements profitably.? This is key factor where importance of marketing envelopment is really needed. In the business like Railway, marketing involvement is very important such as diverting the commuter from any other travel services to train travel. Where company has to compete with same capable railway company to stay on business with more profit margin and shares. As a group virgin train has very good market image to attract the people. Every product and the service of the company can be libelled as value for money, quality, innovation and a sense of competitive challenge. The company deliver a quality service by empowering their employees. 4. Market research plan For market planning virgin train has developed a research plan or information system, to what company need to do. 4.1 Marketing intelligence system This system will show all the external factor may or will be effect to run virgin train company business. This will also involve the though of external service users of company. 4.2 Market research system This involves all internal factor of the virgin train, and place them against the external from the marketing intelligence like SWOT analysis but this is continuous. 4.3 Analytical marketing system In this company has collected all the relevant data from above which can effects the business, such as customer feed back and planning solutions for that, with promotional plans. 5. Macro environment All the external environment forces which can affect any company how to operates but which are beyond its control, such as economic natural, governmental, or cultural. The macro environment has very big impact on virgin railway. Its one of the national business, and involvement of railway is every where in country on this I have gathered some information from different sources which will justify how the influenced of macro environment in virgin trains marketing decision making. On macro environment I will be assessing the virgin

Godfather essays

Godfather essays Francis Ford Coppolas, award winning film, The Godfather portrays a mafia family trying to survive among a crumbling empire of crime. The Godfather is more then just a movie about dog-eat-dog. With the use of great camera shots, dialogue, acting, character development, and storyline Coppola was able to create a classic masterpiece. The agreement of criminality and family honor is achieved with perfect accuracy. The Godfather portrays themes such as power, violence, love and betrayal. Through these various themes Coppola creates a purpose, which allows the audience to identify with the Corleone family. The Godfather is for certain entertaining, but entertainment is not Coppolas main purpose in creating this film. Coppola displays a strong emphasis on family and family values. The Godfather is a story about a family and the importance of staying together. In the past traditional American families were stereotyped from television shows such as Leave it to Beaver and The Brady Bunch. These families hold the stay at home mom who cooks and cleans for her working husband and the children who may get into trouble, but seem all too perfect. As America continues to get older the stereotypical family seems harder to believe. The Godfather displays a family that some may view as dysfunctional, but through the plot one understands they hold true family values. For instance, the Don never wanted his son Michael in the family business but instead wanted him to have a respectable job. Through displaying a different natured family Coppola is able to create the image that family worth is not based on how perfect the family seems. The Corleone family is involved in a business of crime. However, Coppola balances the story between family life and the ugly business in which they are engaged. No matter how ugly or sinful the business gets the love and respect this family has within their h ...

Eat Drink Man Woman Movie Review Confucian Ethics and Traditional Chinese Family Life

Eat Drink Man Woman Movie Review Confucian Ethics and Traditional Chinese Family Life Introduction Confucianism is a philosophical attribute used in China and which is based on the ethical values upheld by the Chinese community. The philosophy originated from the teachings of the K’ungu-fu-tzu also known as Confucius, a philosopher who has influenced the ethical system in Chinese society. It was first designed and centered on sociopolitical teachings but since then, it has shifted and it is now based on humanism (Sinaiko 12).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on â€Å"Eat Drink Man Woman† Movie Review: Confucian Ethics and Traditional Chinese Family Life specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The concept which is a humanistic approach recognizes that human values are not stagnant and can be changed from one form to another. Three aspects are borne form this belief that people are teachable, improvable and perfectible as well. The ideology is focused on preserving the humane aspect of members of the society by employing different teachings based on different foundations. There are three foundations that govern the act of Confucianism in the Chinese republic. These are ren, yi and li (Sinaiko 15). The three foundations touch on different aspects of the Chinese culture. For instance, the ren is the act of being humane to other people in the community and it is collectively known as altruism. (Xinzhong 24) Yi on the other hand is the act of behaving in a morally upright manner. In this case, people are expected to do good things. The last aspect which is li requires that one be humble for the sake of the other person. In Chinese society, one opts to give up his or her life either passively or actively for ren and yi to be effectively achieved in the community (Xinzhong 25). From this philosophical context, it is obvious why the movie â€Å"Eat Drink Man and Woman† was created in such a manner. The idea was to point out the ethical context of the Chinese people specifically those in Taiwan. This paper is a philosophical review of this movie. In the review, the author provides their reflections on the main ideas of the movie as well as on Confucian ethics in traditional Chinese family life. The connection between Confucian ideas on one hand and Chinese family life on the other hand in the movie will be addressed. Eat Drink Man and Woman Movie Review: Plot Summary The movie was released in 1994 by the Taiwan Film Records under the directorship of Ang Lee. He puts into context Confucianism by dramatizing the manners of the Taiwan community based on facts about life, love, and modernity. He uses food to explain the ideology of modern people in the community (Vick 3). Synopsis There are three daughters in the family who are not married. They live with their father who is a widower. It is noted that food is the main aspect in the film whereby the father cooks traditional foods and none of the daughter likes his dishes. They perceive it as too outdated but t heir father loves them so much such that he encourages them to eat the food. During Sunday dinners, he prepares for them traditional food and the relationship in the family seems to grow deeper and deeper (Vick 5).Advertising Looking for essay on art and design? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The daughters are always afraid of him but in the film, the father can tell stories in different circumstances and this makes the daughters to have the urge to eat and have a deeper relationship with the father. Secretly, the middle sister loves the traditional food and aspires to be a cook in future even though the women are not encouraged to cook in the community (Vick 7). â€Å"Eat Drink Man and Woman† reveals the sexual and love scenarios in the society as the unattached daughters try to get engaged to other men in the surroundings who come to upset the calm at home. The middle daughter, Jia Chien, works with the air line services and gets a boyfriend from the office where she works. This changes the family relationship especially with the father (Vick 5). The first born daughter, Jia Jen, falls in love with a volleyball player and coach and she hunts for the man hysterically after realizing that she can be in love again on the basis of human desires. Initially, the older sister was so cynical about men. The youngest daughter, Jia Ning, is always in a constant sexual relationship and she eventually becomes pregnant while in college (Vick 9). The director of the movie introduces different characters in the film to highlight the family relationship. He especially highlights the characters of those men who are attracted to the ladies. For example, Li Kai in the office is attracted to the second born daughter. The climax of the film is when Mr. Chu begins dating Jia –Ning. The gentleman tells her that he wants to end his addiction to love. He confesses that he is too weak to do so as he does not know how to approach the act of love (Vick 9). The different characters change the family especially in the way they relate to one another. The family had a happy ending as each member clings to what they feel suits them better. The father marries a beautiful wife as all his daughters also get married elsewhere (Vick 13). Philosophical Context of the Movie and Confucianism Ethical Issues The movie is a reflection of Chinese ethical values. For example, the generation gap is a vital reflection in this movie as portrayed by the three daughters refusing to eat the traditional food. But the second born daughter secretly likes the traditionally made food from his father’s house and aspires to be a chef even though the Chinese society does not allow women to be chefs (Xinzhong 8). From a philosophical perspective, it is the opinion of this author that this is a very backward trend in the society as portrayed in the movie. Food takes center stage in this movie as portrayed by th e effects it has on the relationship between the father and his daughters. Love follows second as reflected in the other characters that become an obstacle in the normal family relationship. From the three foundations discussed by the writer earlier in this paper, these two themes clearly reflect modernity as far as generation gap is concerned. This is in regard to how people from different generations relate to one another.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on â€Å"Eat Drink Man Woman† Movie Review: Confucian Ethics and Traditional Chinese Family Life specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Traditions seem to frighten the daughters away but the father seems to understand it. He convinces the daughters and succeeds in making one of them like the traditional meals (Vick 23). Confucianism is reflected here as the father shows humanity and patience when dealing with the daughters. The three foundations the writer explained earlier and which includes li demands that each individual sacrifice his or her life to accommodate other individuals. This is clearly seen in the second born daughter who secretly loves the traditional food. Here, loyalty is paramount to adhere to the cultural values which lack in the other daughters. Relationships As far as Confucian philosophy is concerned, the movie also reflects the kind of relationships that revolves around Chinese families. Relationship mounts to different levels which finally crescendos to the unexpected ending in the film. The Chinese culture provides that relationship is the centre of the Confucius ideology. In this case, it requires duties to be carried out in certain manners by certain individuals. This includes different relationships from different individuals. For instance, the relationship between parents and children as well as relationship among the children, juniors, and seniors as well (Xinzhong 24). The relationship in the film is reflected in the three daughters and the father. Some of the daughters are not aware of the place they occupy in the social order. This is clearly seen as the last born daughter behaves contrary to the Chinese norms. The Confucius requires young people to love their parents, when married to love the partner and so forth. All these are seen to recede in the background as modernism has taken root in the Chinese culture with fathers becoming cooks and daughters aspiring to become cooks too (Sinaiko 31). Women in Confucian Thought The film is revolves around the three daughters of a father who is widowed. The Confucian philosophy requires women to adhere to moral integrity. According to the philosophy, women are supposed to posses three qualities as far as a virtuous woman is concerned. First, they should be subordinate to the father before they get a husband. The woman is also supposed to be subordinate to the man she gets married to. Finally, the Chinese culture requires that the woman be subordin ate to the son after the husband passes on. All these makes up the Chinese woman as far as chastity is concerned (Xinzhong 26). Men on the other hand are supposed to remarry whenever they want and this is clearly evident in the movie as all of the daughters get married and the father also gets himself a beautiful wife hence the happy ending. However, the generation gap denies the characters in the film the opportunity to be virtuous women. This is seen as two of the daughters disregard the idea of the traditional food and start engaging in promiscuity (Xinzhong 29).Advertising Looking for essay on art and design? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Promiscuity is seen in the younger daughter who gets pregnant while in college. The first born daughter has also tested love which led to a painful experience for her and that is why she is cynical about men. But at the end of it all she resolves to get engaged to a coach (Vick 19). Parting Shot The movie has portrays different cultural aspects of the Chinese society specifically in Taiwan. The director’s idea in the movie was to point out the moral loss in the current Chinese cultural practices. The traditional foods seem ridiculous to the current generation but it is the only way to make sure that the traditional norms are passed from one generation to the other by a father. Love and life norms are also some of the director’s view in the film where Confucianism clearly illustrates the importance of adhering to the cultural values. Sinaiko, Herman. Reclaiming the Canon: Essays on Philosophy, Poetry, and History. New York: Yale University Press, 2010. Print. Vick, Tom . Asian Cinema: A Field Guide. New York: Harper Perennial, 2008. Print. Xinzhong, Yao. An Introduction to Confucianism. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2009. Print.

Baldrige Research Outline Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Baldrige Research Outline - Essay Example II. Its mission is to enable its customers improve their mode of operations by incorporating information and communication solutions offered. In order to achieve its mission, the company’s products and services are distributed through integrated mechanisms and structures which include presence of extensive dealers, integrator and service networks among others. c) Budget preparation should incorporate future changes in cyclical peaks. The relevant people preparing the budget should have relevant information about changes that are likely to occur. This will enable them make appropriate decisions for all phases of development. b) The Excellence Scorecards bounds the staff and other stakeholders to be very responsible hence everyone will be committed towards achieving missions and goals of the company. They develop personnel commitments which reduce employee turnover. Managers and individuals will focus on the ways of improved service delivery so as to satisfy the customers (Cazzell, 2009). c) These forecasting techniques enable top level leaders to establish priorities in conjunction with efforts to implement and deliver solutions to customers on time and whenever they require. It also helps create customer intimacy since the design and development processes of products and services will be done while aligning customers demands and expectations. d) The scorecard process enables the company management set key strategic initiatives that are linked to business processes focused on results. The end results of all business processes should create value to both employees and key stakeholders of the company. f) Motorola Online extranets which the company adopted is used to adjust shipments and products that are available so as to meet the needs of potential customers. In general, the forecasting techniques are used to improve customer service, which is the first priority of the company. V. MRP concepts- The Company uses intranet data

Radicals and Liberals in USA Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Radicals and Liberals in USA - Essay Example The 1954 coup de tat in Guatemala was planned by the CIA who had the intention of fighting communism in Guatemala and encouraging social, political and economic justice for the people of Guatemala. The U.S took part in the Coup because they believed that Guatemala could cooperate and join the U.S.S.R which the U.S.A was in cold war with. The U.S feared the soviet infiltration of the western hemisphere. This coup depicts how the United States of America has plays the role of protecting vulnerable citizens from anarchy. America presents modern concept in which issues are handled in a revolutionary modern way which shows that everything is a product of new and fresh thinking. Some of those who had lived in America argued that Americans lacked respect and that they discriminated people from other countries in that it was difficult to engage in communication with Americans and that it was not easy to get a servant when in the U.S.A. But according to Barzini, all these complain made no sen se because America has evolved and knew how to mingle with visitors. The U.S.A is depicted as materialistic and utilitarian nation in the world whose major aim is to explore other countries and deprive them of their valuables. Barzini came to change his perception about America when he came to realize the sight of depression, unemployment, poverty, fear and hopelessness being the order of the day in America during the 1920s. The world held the perception that America was in a position to create new jobs, produce more goods, wealth and success. After the Second World War, Americans sat in conference rooms to discuss a decision which they agreed upon unanimously so that nobody could be blamed in case of potential mistake. As a result of interaction, America influences other countries in that it tries to implant its culture on others. For instance, the Chinese people crashed their traditional culture by trying to fix in the America culture. America is being viewed as a threat to the wo rld because of its development in industrial, technical and scientific progress which translates into materialistic society by showing the American industrial power and material wealth. On the other hand, America’s role in the world has been viewed positively in that foreigners are urged to send their citizens to America so that they can learn advanced techniques, production process and scientific progress. They will study and adopt the best features of American society, a modern democratic, progressive society in which people find work, security, shelter and satisfaction. This process of knowledge transfusion from a wealthier nation like the United States is necessary and fruitful for development of other countries of the world. In the Truman speech, America was concerned with economic status of Turkey and Greece. These countries saw America as the only country that could aid them from financial instability. The U.S intervened in this situation with the aim of maintaining it s political and economic hegemony and with the need to help countries that loved peace and promoted its democratic ideals. In addition, the U.S supported Greece and Turkey so that they could build internal order and peace. There was no other country that would help democratic Greek government. This reveals that the U.S has been given the role of supporting and maintaining freedom in vulnerable countries. In 1958, those people who opposed American ideologies pelt the then vice president of U.S

Foreign Architecture in China Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 6500 words

Foreign Architecture in China - Essay Example The lack of traditional Chinese form in any specific region and the ability of architects to reform China's urban landscape using experimental designs are attractive to architects (Moller 2004 p 1). China's architectural designs since the 1950's have been built heavily from Western influences, and most of the urbanised architecture from 1950 to 1970 was inherently designed and constructed by Russian builders (Moller 2004 p 1). China's spending on construction ranks only behind the United States and Japan's and is growing the fastest of the top ten spenders, at 8-9 percent annually. Remarkably, given China's cultural pride, most of the highest-profile projects now underway in Beijing were designed by foreign celebrities (Economist ed 2004 p 63). The influx of foreign architects in Beijing has incited controversy amongst Chinese nationals. Zhou Ganzhi, member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the Chinese Academy of Engineering, says, "No other country has opened its architectural design market to the world as wide as China. The rise of pan-internationalism threatens the distinctiveness of Chinese cities, making architectural evaluation difficult" (Hong 2005 p 15). The general consensus amongst critics of ... Is the Distinctiveness of China Threatened The influx of foreign architects in Beijing has incited controversy amongst Chinese nationals. Zhou Ganzhi, member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the Chinese Academy of Engineering, says, "No other country has opened its architectural design market to the world as wide as China. The rise of pan-internationalism threatens the distinctiveness of Chinese cities, making architectural evaluation difficult" (Hong 2005 p 15). The general consensus amongst critics of foreign and Western architecture in Beijing, China is that it removes the traditional and regional identity. Yung Ho Chang, architect, states that Chinese and Asian cities have a "lack of clear traditional urban structures this introverted quality is at odds with a modern lifestyle and the openness demanded by a highly developed commercial society" (Moller 2004 p 1). China's biggest cities are struggling to balance modern design with their historical structures (Mcguigan, Lin-lui and Mooney 2003 p56). Wu Chen, a traditional Chinese architect states "Beijing has become an experimental site for foreign architects" (Hong 2005 p 14). Beijing has changed beyond recognition, losing the traditional Chinese forms and incorporating more global influences and talents who have been drawn to China in the building effort of Beijing officials (Mcguigan, Lin-lui and Mooney 2003 p56). Review of Relevant Literature Each resource in this research essay has been verified as either a foreign architect working in China, or a Chinese architect. For example, Xuefei Ren received a PhD at the University of Chicago and has published several texts on urban planning (Ren 2006 p 1) Web sites of the actual architects (verified by name, address and

Managing Projects Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5000 words

Managing Projects - Essay Example Subsequent valid workday using the Predecessor's and successor's calendar The Earliest Time by which the Project should be Completed is the Ending Node TE (P) = 39 days As the Project will Start on 01 Dec. 2007 and there are 2 days weekly holidays, the Early Competition Date would be 25 January 2008. [Calculation shown in Appendix-1] Float Take another look at Network diagram has several pieces of information filled in for each node. The task forename and length are self-explanatory6. The most important task of developing the project schedule is to relate each of the responsibilities and combine duration, resource requirements, and reliance. We have to make several overtake all the way through the network diagram to calculate the values necessary to create a project scheduling. Early Finish EF = Early Start + Duration - 1 Early Start ES = EF + 1 (subsequent valid workday using the Predecessor's calendar) Late Start LS = LF - Duration + 1 (subsequent valid workday using the successor's calendar) Late Finish LF = LS - 1 Float = Late Start - Early Start Float = Late Finish - Early Finish7 In project management float is the amount of time that a terminal element in a project network can be delayed by, without causing a delay to: Subsequent terminal elements (free float) Project completion date (total float). For an example, consider the process of replacing a broken pane of glass in the window of someone's home. There are various component activities involved in the project as a whole; obtaining the glass and putty, installing the new glass, choosing the paint, obtaining a tin of paint, painting the new putty once it has set, wiping the new glass free of finger smears etc. The owner cannot buy the new paint until you...Manipulating and analysing data help the managers to manage the projects and funds. Take another look at Network diagram has several pieces of information filled in for each node. The task forename and length are self-explanatory6. The most important task of developing the project schedule is to relate each of the responsibilities and combine duration, resource requirements, and reliance. We have to make several overtake all the way through the network diagram to calculate the values necessary to create a project scheduling. For an example, consider the process of replacing a broken pane of glass in the window of someone's home. There are various component activities involved in the project as a whole; obtaining the glass and putty, installing the new glass, choosing the paint, obtaining a tin of paint, painting the new putty once it has set, wiping the new glass free of finger smears etc. The owner cannot buy the new paint until you have chosen it, he/she cannot paint the new putty until the window is installed and the new putty has set. Delaying the acquisition of the glass is likely to delay the entire project - this activity will be on the critical path and have no float, of any sort, attached to it and hence it is a 'critical activity'8. Julien, D.

Assessment and Assessment Techniques Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Assessment and Assessment Techniques - Essay Example Formative assessment is a contrast of summative assessment because summative assessment seeks to monitor outcomes of education for external accountability. Developmental stages are the stages that a child goes through from childhood to adulthood. According to the study made by Erickson, the interaction of a person’s body, cultural influences, and mind determines development. With this in mind, Erickson organized eight development stages which progress from birth until death. The eight stages of development include: Infancy (birth to eighteen months), early childhood (eighteen months to three years), play age (three to five years), school age (six to twelve years), adolescence (twelve to eighteen years), young adult (eighteen to thirty five years), middle adulthood (thirty five to sixty five years), and late adulthood (sixty five to death). During my teaching profession, I sought to understand the assessment of the ever changing developmental stages in children. In this respect I planned an activity that would enable me to assess the differing developmental stages of the children in my work setting. This paper explores the devised plan, and implements a formative assessment activity, that takes into account the needs and interests of the children within my work setting. It demonstrates a systematic process of planning, evaluation, implementation, and the rationale for the design. Rationale for planning and implementing an assessment activity. The rational for formative assessment is quite clear and vivid. To start with provision of feedback, formative assessment provides feedback to the teachers so that they can modify the experience, and learning activities that are subsequent. Feedback involves focusing on the content that is being learnt (Blight, S. 2000). This is the epicenter of formative assessment. It facilitates self assessment development, clarifies the essence of good performance, and it is used in the provision of quality information to learner s concerning their learning. Feedback also boosts self-esteem and positive beliefs, and motivates peer and teacher dialogue in learning. Apart from this, formative assessment is important tool to be used to remediate the deficiencies of children (Cowie, B. 1999). It increases the self efficacy of a child and reduces the effect brought about by extrinsic motivation by moving the focus from obtaining grades into the process of learning. This method of assessment also improves the students’ metacognitive recognition of how they can learn (Black, P. 2000). It enables a teacher to fine tune instructions so that the students can focus on learning progress. Being motivated by the rationale for formative assessment, one thinks of an appropriate activity that could be used to assess the developmental stages in children. From many choices of formative activities and, techniques, the appropriate activity that can be used to quench the need for an assessment is the use of the tray painti ng activity with the help of an age and stage questionnaire (ASQ) for analysis. Planning and implementation of this technique is made possible by the use of a lesson plan shown below. Assessment

Etihad Airways Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Etihad Airways - Case Study Example His major aims were to increase the profitability and the yield by 2010. In order to satisfy this condition, James came up with a second bag charge to be imposed on the customers. The case also gives out certain aspects of the future plan of the airline. The airline has placed an order for 205 aircrafts for $43 billion. This will increase the fleet size to 100 in 5 years. This move will generate more revenue as the capacity of the airline will increase. The case says that Etihad Airlines gives much importance to customer value. They have a loyalty program for their customers which is called Etihad Guest. It includes features like, immediate rewards, no black-out periods, anytime availability, widest choice, miles plus cash, miles that are worth more and family membership. They had high end redemption awards. The case further says that the Indian market shows much stronger signs of improvement. Given, the current scenario, a passenger seat load factor of 76-77 percent is being expecte d. The Etihad Airlines is under a major issue of profitability and yield. James was hired to take the airline to profits by the year 2010. However, the chances seem to be slim. The International Air Transport Association has showed concern and has estimated that the global aviation industry will show a global net loss of $5.6 billion in the year 2010. To face the problem, James has ann... However, the chances seem to be slim. The International Air Transport Association has showed concern and has estimated that the global aviation industry will show a global net loss of $5.6 billion in the year 2010. To face the problem, James has announced the charging of second baggage to customers to increase revenue. However, the major question which it posses it is, whether such a move is profitable I the short run as well as the long run. And also what are the other options to achieve the target as well while maintaining the customer value or adding it. Literature Review Profitability is the term used to describe the ability of a company to earn profit (profitability definition). Passenger seat load factor is the measure of the airlines passenger carrying capacity being used. Second Baggage is the fees charged by an airline for carrying excessive baggage. Value proposition states that the functional and emotional benefits attached with a product or service is communicated in such a way that it appears higher than the cost of the product or service to the customer (Philip Kotler, 2009). A tool to identify ways to create more customer value is the value chain (Philip Kotler, 2009). The value chain shows the primary activities and the supporting activities of the business which together create value for the customer. Source: (Philip Kotler, 2009) Etihad Airways Strategy (Hogan, 2008) Etihad Airways does a lot of innovation to keep up the standards realistic to the market place. It has a clear policy of providing the customer with the best that there is. They have been using the below mentioned techniques: To reduce the costs they have been reducing space within the aircraft by maximizing the number of seats to the extent possible. They have been trying

The Importance Of Communication Within Nursing Nursing Essay

The Importance Of Communication Within Nursing Nursing Essay The aim of this essay is to explore the concept of communication within nursing. Communication is often seen as a verbal act, however, this essay will explore the various other means in which people communicate, and attempt to apply them to a clinical setting. It will also explain how important communication is when establishing the nurse, patient relationship, and how bad communication skills can result in a breakdown in that relationship. Finally, a reflection will be written on an aspect of communication that took place during a clinical placement. This will be used to highlight how good or bad communication techniques can impact upon the patient and hence inhibit or aid the rehabilitation process. Over recent years, the role of a nurse has changed considerably. According to Kenworthy et al (2002) the nurse no longer treats a patient who is ill, but treats the person who happens to have an illness. Nursing has taken on a more holistic approach, and patients are seen more as whole beings (Jones 1998). Not only are their medical histories examined, but their social being and their lifestyle are taken into consideration when planning and implementing treatment (Kenworthy et al. 2002). The Nursing and Midwifery Council (NMC) Code of Professional Conduct (2008) specifies that nurses should treat patients as individuals and make their care their primary concern. This should be carried out whilst respecting their dignity and treating them as individuals. The code goes on to state, that a nurse should; act as an advocate for those in their care, helping them to access relevant health and social care, information and support (NMC 2008 p.1). In order for a nurse to understand the patient holistically, they will need to collect and analyse a huge amount of data. This begins with the initial assessment, and signals the beginning of the nursing process. (Palmer Kaur, 2005). According to Roper, et al (1983), cited in Aggleton Chalmers (2000) nursing should be centred on the patients twelve activities of daily living. This involves asking in depth questions concerning the patients normal behaviours and habits in relation to such activities as elimination, sleep, work and play. By talking to the patient and obtaining the information required, the nurse should aim to build a therapeutic relationship between themselves and the patient. During this period, the nurse should attempt to gain the trust of her patient by making them feel comfortable, safe and at ease (Sheldon 2005). This stage of the nurse, patient relationship is crucial, and depends wholly on the communication abilities of the nurse in question. In order for an assessment to be successfully completed, the nurse should be conscious of the types of questions used. The use of open ended questions can allow a patient to elaborate on their feelings, and prevent yes or no answers. However, when precise information is required the use of closed questions may be more appropriate (Sully Dallas 2005). Stuart Laraia (2001), cited in Riley (2004) argue that a therapeutic relationship can be facilitated by communication, but at times can act as a barrier to the relationship. Renwick (1992) cited in Arnold Boggs (2003) concur, suggesting that nurses should ask an appropriate number of questions in order to collect relevant data , yet too many questions could cause the patient to feel as if they are being cross-examined. According to Sheldon, (2005), a nurse should view communication as a clinical skill, and endeavour to constantly build on their expertise throughout their career. Communication in its simplest term, is the social interaction of people. It involves the sending and receiving of messages, which can either be verbal or non-verbal (Anderson, 1990). According to Riley (2004) firstly, the sender has to encode the message that he or she wishes to send. This message is then conveyed to the receiver through means of speech, sight, and touch. It is then necessary for the receiver to decode the message, and encode a return message. Speech is often seen as the main component of communication. However, it is important for health professionals to remember, that not all words have the same meaning for everyone. Even if a patient does understand what the nurse is saying, the non verbal actions that accompany the words spoken, can completely change the meaning of the message (Arnold Boggs, 2003) Therefore, other elements apart from speech need to be taken into consideration when decoding and encoding messages. According to Argyle (1988) and Ekman Friesen (1987), cited in Kenworthy et al (2002), facial expression can reveal volumes with regards to the emotional state of the receiver or sender. They recognised six fundamental emotions, which are identifiable across all cultures, by the movement of facial muscles; happiness, anger, surprise, fear, disgust and sadness. If a patient were undergoing an embarrassing procedure and the nurse caring for them showed signs of embarrassment or distaste via their facial muscles, this could make an unpleasant situation even more humiliating for the patient concerned. Stanton (1990) argues that an individuals body language can often display a much stronger message than their verbal communication, and can become open to misinterpretation. It is therefore necessary for health professionals to consider their non-verbal techniques of communica tion in order to avoid such misunderstandings. A further aspect of communications that a nurse should be conscious of is paralanguage. This includes the characteristics that run alongside language, for instance, pitch, volume, tone, accent and speed of speech. (Kenworthy et al 2002). It is entirely possible for the sender to encode one thing, only for the receiver to decode quite another. For instance, if a nurse is giving a patient instruction on how to take their medication, with a loud tone, and is pronouncing her words very slowly, the patient may feel as if they are being patronised. This could ultimately lead to a breakdown in communication, and hence the patients quality of care could become compromised. In conclusion, it is of the utmost importance that a nurse is able to build a trusting relationship with the patient, this will form the basis of the patients treatment and rehabilitation. The nurses communication ability is paramount and they must be fully aware of, and take into account the verbal and non-verbal aspects of communication. The nurse must also be aware of the diversity of clients, and treat them with sensitivity and respect. This will create a mutual understanding between nurse and patient, which will ultimately aid the rehabilitation process. The second part of this assignment will reflect on an incident that took place during a clinical setting. It will be used to demonstrate a further understanding of the importance of communication within nursing. Reflection on Practice Reflective practice has been identified and acknowledged as an essential tool within the healthcare profession. According to Jasper (2003), the ability to reflect upon ones experiences is the starting point for relating theory to practice. The reflective process requires the individual to be self aware, and able to analyse their actions, thoughts and feelings, and if necessary, bring about positive change (Bulman Schutz 2004). For the purposes of this reflection I will use the Gibbs reflective cycle (see Appendix 1). This model sets out a series of structured questions, which will help guide me through the reflective process In accordance with the Nursing and Midwifery Code of Conduct (2008) patient confidentiality will be maintained throughout this reflective account. Therefore, the patient involved will be referred to by the pseudonym of Rose. Description: What Happened? My first clinical placement was on an elective surgery ward. Rose, a 70 year old woman was suffering from primary osteoarthritis of the right hip. This is a degenerative, non-inflammatory condition, which affects the hyaline cartilage of the synovial joints (Manley and Bellman 2003). Due to her continuing pain and decreased mobility, she had agreed to undergo a total right hip arthroplasty. According to OBrien et al (1997a) arthroplasty, is the most common, and successful treatment for osteoarthritis of the hip. Rose was on her second, post operative day and was having trouble opening her bowels. The nurses caring for her were aware of this, and she had been given a laxative the previous evening. She was very reluctant to get out of bed and walk to the toilet herself, as she was afraid of the pain, and the fact that she may dislocate her hip. A staff nurse and I, had placed a bed pan underneath Rose several times that morning, but she had been unable to open her bowels. According to (Heberer and Marx 1995) constipation after surgery is quite commonplace, this can be due to the drugs taken after surgery to combat pain. Each time the staff nurse and I had assisted Rose, she had become very frustrated and angry. Later that afternoon Roses buzzer went off, she explained that she had a strong feeling that her bowels were about to open. I could tell by Roses facial expression that she was indeed desperate to open her bowels. The other two nurses on duty that day were busy with two post operative patients. I realised, that I would have to choose between waiting for another staff member to assist me, or allowing Rose to soil herself and her bed. I was aware that this would be very embarrassing and humiliating for her, I was also aware of the Code of Conduct (NMC 2008) that emphasises the fact that nurses should act in the best interests of the patient. I was also reluctant to attempt this alone, as Rose had become somewhat angry during previous attempts. Feelings: What were you thinking? Even though I had previously assisted qualified staff in placing Rose on a bedpan, I was rather apprehensive about tackling this procedure unsupervised. As no help seemed to be arriving, I realised that I had to make a decision. Not only was Rose becoming increasingly desperate, she was also becoming irate and impatient. I decided, that in order to adhere to the Code of Conduct (NMC, 2008) I would have to try and help Rose to the best of my ability, alone. I was very nervous, not only was I worried that I would not get her on the bedpan in time; I was also concerned that I would not be able to cope with her demeanour, if this happened. I did not feel experienced enough in my communication skills to be able to carry this out, whilst at the same time, attempting to place her on the bed pan. I explained to Rose that I was going to place the bedpan underneath her; I also explained that I was a student nurse and that I was still learning. Above Rose there was an over bed pole hoist (monkey bar) that she was able to use to pull herself up, whilst I placed the bed pan underneath her. Whilst Rose was pulling herself up she was making a lot of noise due to the strain of using her upper body, and the pain of her hip. I tried to encourage her with a calm voice, however I was aware that my tone of voice was rising because I felt panicked. This in turn caused Rose to become even more agitated. This was making me even more apprehensive, and I began to feel flustered and very inexperienced. It was very difficult to sit rose squarely on the bedpan as she was lying flat, I was very worried that she would completely miss it and soil the bedding. Not only would this be very humiliating and uncomfortable for her, but it would make me feel very incompetent as a nurse. During this time I f elt very inexperienced, and doubtful as to whether I would make a very good nurse at all. Eventually Rose managed to open her bowels, it was extremely loose and had an offensive smell. I was very worried that I would not be able to remain professional due to the sight and smell of the faeces. I was aware that this could be detrimental to Roses self esteem and could cause a barrier within the nurse, patient relationship. Whist wiping Rose, it was clear that she was very embarrassed. I too felt embarrassed, and endeavoured to keep talking to her until I had finished. Even though I had tried to hide my embarrassment, I was very concerned that Rose had been aware of it. This made me feel frustrated and annoyed with myself. Evaluation: What was good and bad about the situation? I feel that my lack of communication skills during an embarrassing situation were evident during the procedure. Rose was embarrassed enough, without me adding to her discomfort by showing my awkwardness. Although I managed to check my facial expressions whilst Rose was defecating for signs of distaste, I failed to check them for signs of embarrassment whilst wiping her. Despite my inexperience, I feel that I made the right choice when I decided to place Rose on the bed pan myself. I was aware that I had limitations as a student nurse, however, I felt that it was in Roses best interests for me to go ahead unaided. The whole situation would have been made a lot worse if Rose had defecated in the bed. She would have felt very humiliated and embarrassed and her feelings of lost independence would have escalated. Analysis: What sense can you make of the situation? On reflection I feel that I pre-judged Rose. Every time I had dealt with her over the previous two days she had appeared very demanding and short tempered. However, when everything had been cleared away, I sat with Rose and we talked for a while. Through the use of open questions I began to understand why Rose came across as difficult. Sully (2005), suggests that the use of open ended questions allows the patients to elaborate their feelings, and closed questions should only be used in instances when yes or no answers are required. I discovered that Rose was a very nice lady, who was simply embarrassed and frightened by her lack of mobility and independence. She explained that previous to her hip problems she had played golf on a regular basis, and that she was very worried that she would not be able to resume this pastime. According to Kennedy Sheldon (2004) anger in patients is often a reaction to fear and anxiety, particularly in cases where there is lack of independence. After ou r conversation, I felt that I had a greater understanding of Rose. Although I knew Rose was in pain, and appreciated her embarrassment, I had viewed her as an impatient, demanding lady. Rogers (1951), cited in Kennedy Sheldon (2004) suggest, that the manner in which a person responds to illness, is an individual response to their change of circumstances. He goes further, and states that it is the responsibility of the nurse to treat the patient as an individual, devoid of any prejudice, and with unconditional positive regard. (ibid). Smith Hart (1994), cited in Hollinworth et al (2005) concur, stating that nurses should refrain from being judgemental and should never label patients as being difficult or demanding following a particular episode of anger. On reflection this is exactly what I did. Due to Roses frustration during earlier attempts to place her on the bed pan, I had perceived her as a demanding and bad tempered lady, this had led to me feeling very apprehensive about dea ling with her. On reflection, I realise that I made assumptions about Roses personality that were not true. During the procedure I had attempted to calm Rose down by talking to her. However, I had allowed the tone of my voice to rise because I felt flustered. Ellis et al (2003), suggest that the tone and pitch of a senders voice can give clues to the receiver about the mood, and mind state of the sender. Jack Smith (2007), argue that the actual tone of the voice used, can have more of an impact that the actual words spoken. This can lead to a total misinterpretation of the message being conveyed and could ultimately lead to a breakdown in the nurse, patient relationship (ibid). Even though I was encouraging Rose, the tone and level of my voice could have been perceived as impatient. This would have caused Rose to become even more agitated, during what was an embarrassing and humiliating time for her. During the procedure I had also underestimated how my facial expression could be perceived by Rose. Although I had been conscious of not displaying signs of distaste whilst Rose was defecating, I had failed not to show signs of my embarrassment whilst wiping her afterwards. Arnold and Boggs (2003) argue that if the verbal message fails to match the non-verbal message, then the non-verbal aspects will take precedent. Therefore, even though I was telling Rose that everything was fine; my face was conveying quite clearly that I was very embarrassed. On reflection, I can see that this must have been very humiliating for Rose, as she was normally a very independent lady who was used to dealing with her elimination needs herself. Conclusion: This situation, has taught me the importance of building a therapeutic, trusting relationship with patients. It is essential that the nurse knows the person as a whole in order to treat them as individuals. If I had been aware of how independent and active Rose had previously been, then I would have been far better equipped to deal with her. I have also been made more aware of the dangers of pre-judging patients. I had labelled Rose as a bad tempered lady, and had failed to understand her reasons for this behaviour. This experience has shown me the importance of questioning and listening to patients in order to see them as whole beings. My experience has shown me, how lack of communication skills can cause barriers within the nurse patient relationship. It is very important to not only be aware of what you are saying, but to also be aware of non-verbal communication techniques that run alongside language. Action Plan My encounter with Rose has shown me how inexperienced I am with regards to communication with patients. I realise the importance of continually striving to enhance my skills, in order to progress as a student nurse. During subsequent placements, I will take the opportunity to practice my communication techniques, bearing in mind that communication is not only about conversing with the patient verbally, but also about being aware of facial expressions, paralanguage and the ability to listen attentively. In future I will be acutely aware of the importance of not pre-judging or labelling patients, but will endeavour to treat them respectfully and as individuals. Overall Conclusion In conclusion, good communication skills are essential in order for a nurse to provide the best level of care. For a nurse to be able to establish a trusting relationship with the patient, they must first have a mutual understanding. This understanding can only be achieved if the nurse is able to communicate effectively, being aware, not only of the words being used, but also of the non-verbal traits that run alongside those words. The nurse also needs to be aware of the patients non-verbal cues. Many patients will show signs of frustration or anger because they are frightened, it is important that the nurse is able to read these signs and investigate them further. For a nurse to successfully practice, it is essential that they continually practice, develop and enhance their communication skills throughout their career. Reference List Aggleton P and Chalmers H (2000) Nursing Models and Nursing Practice. (2nd edn.) Hampshire: Palgrave Anderson C (1990) Patient Teaching and Communicating in an Information Age. New York: Delmar Publishers Inc. Arnold E and Underman Boggs K (2003) Interpersonal Relationships; Professional communication Skills for Nurses. (4th edn.) Missouri: Elsevier Science Bulman C and Schutz S (eds.) (2004) Reflective Practice in Nursing. (3rd edn.) Edinburgh:Bailliere Tindall Ellis B Gates B and Kenworthy N (2003) (2nd edn.) Interpersonal Communication In Nursing. China: Elsevier Science Heberer M and Marx A (1995) Complications of enteral nutrition. London: Edward Arnold Hollinworth H Clark C Harlanor R Johnson L and Partington G (2005) Understanding The Arousal Of Anger; A Patient Centred Approach. Nursing Standard 19(37) pp.41-47 Jack K and Smith A (2007) Promoting Self-Awareness In Nurses To Improve Nursing Practice. Nursing Standard 21(32) pp.47-52 Jasper M (2003) Beginning Reflective Practice. Cheltenham: Nelson Thornes Jones P (1998) Holism: Making Sense of It. All (online) Available at http://www.p-jones.demon.co.uk/hcmholis.html, (accessed 14 October 2008) Kenworthy N Snowley G and Gilling C (2002) Common Foundation Studies in Nursing. (3rd edn.) Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone Manley K and Bellman L (2003) Surgical Nursing; Advance Practice. London: Churchill Livingstone The Nursing and Midwifery Code of Conduct (2008) (Online) Available at http://www.nmc-uk.org/aArticle.aspx?ArticleID=3 056 (accessed 16 October 2008) OBrien S Engela D Leonard S Kernohan G and Beverland D (1997a) Prosthetic Dislocation in Customized Total Hip Replacement: A Clinical and Radiographic Review. Journal of Orthopaedic Nursing 1 (1):4-10 Palmer D and Kaur S (eds.) (2003) Core Skills for Nurse Practitioners. London: Whurr Publishers Riley J B (2004) Communication In Nursing. (5th edn.) Philadelphia: Mosby Roberts A (2008) (online) Available at http://distributedresearch.net/blog/2008/05/27/reflection-on-keeping-an-action-log-for-a-month (accessed 20th October 2010) Sheldon Kennedy L (2005) Communication for Nurses; talking with patients. Boston: Jones and Bartlett. Stanton K (1990) Communication. London:Macmillan Sully P and Dallas J (2005) Essential Communication Skills for Nurses. China: Elsevier Mosby