Types of Smiles

The Meaning of a Smile A smiling is the universal welcome. They come in many different shapes, sizes, and even believeings. When almostone decides to meretricious their pearly whites at a passerby, what exactly do they mean by it? I smile all day long for my customers, but that doesnt mean that I am always happy to be somewhat them. People link smiling to being one of the friendliest gestures one raft receive. However, a smile is deceitful and behind be taken in many different ways, and wore on many different occasions. Everybody has experienced that aftermath in their life when they gestate truly been happy.They smile all day long and cant even find one reason why. Those smiles are the best ones to guarantee and, fishily enough, they can even improve someones looks. They are simple smiles that brighten up the entire face and put the sparkle in their eyes. Happy smiles cannot be pseudd or forced and they curve from ear to ear. People that normally wear happy smiles are ones that are able to put the past behind them. Happy citizenry always seem to be happy and they are fun to be around. The people that frequently use this smile often laughs a lot more than most people. They can also be picked out easily in a crowd because their smiles are genuine.This is a smile that reflects a happy and triumphal heart. Children are the best at the famous naughty or Up-to-no-good smiles. These smiles can normally be seen when someone has been caught red handed. For most people, these smiles are humorous and can easily be picked out because of the red faces they cause. Naughty smiles cause the eyebrows to raise, cheeks to redden, and they seem to leaven more teeth than normal. One can typically find an up-to-no-good smile on a student that was however caught cheating on a test, or a toddler that didnt hide their vegetables very well.These smiles show defeat, even so the person wearing them is willing to fight their way out of trouble. Forced smiles are common ly found in Christmas card photos or around the hallways in a exalted school. These smiles are fake and clearly take more energy to make than a person originally planned to give. Forced smiles are not attractive and do not hide the fact that the person would rather not be smiling. Fake smiles portray an attitude of I am better than you to anyone that witnesses them. Preteens seem to abuse this smile more than others, then wonder why their parents tell them to be nice. High School aged girls have the fake smile perfected, however it looks more like a smirk. It is their way of saying something rude, without saying anything at all. This smile can be paired with an eye orb and a flip of the hair for dramatic effect, but often times the smile alone could kill. When an individual overhears a spicy conversation it sometimes ends with an entertained smile. These smiles can either be one of humor or horror, depending on the circumstance. Amused smiles are almost a smug look the eyes squin ted just a little to hide the giggle trying to escape, and the mouth closed yet curved just enough to show a pair of dimples.An amused smile is one to watch for in a crowd or when telling secrets, because often times the one sharing the smile will dowry the story to someone else. Confidence is a necessary trait in anybody, and a smile to go with it is sometimes a pleasant thing to see on a person. However, some people like to show it off more than others and it quickly turns into a not-so-pleasant smirk. For example, pageant queens and teenage boys with fancy cars. From the moment the girls walk on the stage, or the boys turn on their car, there is a switch that turns on in their head that makes them believe they are on draw of the world. Their smiles tell all. A smirk looks almost as if the person is boasting. You can tell a smirk from any other smile because the persons nose is stuck up so high in the air there is a shadow over top of their mouth. These smiles often result in a loss of true friends or a harsh fall back down to Earth. A true confident smile, however, dont come around very often. Confidence has to build just enough to make the smile look proud, yet subtle. This smile can sometimes take years to develop, but when its there its hard to remove.The best way to explain a confident smile would be through example. Such as, a high school freshman trying out for the Varsity Dance Team at her school. As she walks into the gym to show off her double turn, she looks nervous (even though she has it perfected). However, after everything is said and done, she nailed it. She now can walk proudly out of that gym with a very confident smile on her face, knowing she make the dance team. A smile radiates from a person no matter what or who it is meant for, however a confident smile radiates from the core and is there for everybody to see.Smiling can be the answer to all of our problems, to everyone around the world. It is there to say what we shouldnt say out l oud, or to just simply show that we are happy. Everybody smiles for some reason, its just something we as human beings cant escape from. It is often interesting to think about why we smile, or why we show emotions at all. Often times, it seems as if smiling is our way of letting all of our emotions escape in one simple gesture. Our smiles are uniquely limitless in meanings, and because of that, we are able to hide behind them and only show what we really want to be seen.

Primate Observation Essay

Primates ar some of the most interesting animals to watch and learn about whether it be in person at a zoo or seeing a film or documentary on wild ones in a instinctive environment. Part of this reason is ascribable to the incredible amount of similarities found in between primates and humans. aft(prenominal) observing two unalike primate species at a local zoo, I found out that by observing their behavior, we gain a small insight into human behaviors and their roots. To daylight I allow for discuss the take issueent types of behavior I ascertained as well as the effects of cosmos in captivity and how this helps us understand hunan behavior. On sunny April 19th this year, I visited the San Francisco Zoo and the first species I observed were the gorillas, likewise known as Gorilla Beringei. Upon approaching the gorilla habitat, at about 130 p.m., I noticed the marge was roughly about fifty yards in diameter. Throughout the enclosure, there were different levels of ground el evation varying from small hills, to large rock structures placed about twenty feet a federal agency from the gorilla cages inside the habitat. There were also many plant or bush like shrubs close to as well as trees varying from shape and size throughout the enclosure. The overall shape of the enclosure was similar to an octagon which supported different placardal vantage points from a few different sides. The gorillas ar the largest primates still costing today. The gorillas in the enclosure varied in size and appearances. both the fe phallics were much smaller then the male silver approve, however within the distaff group, their sizes also varied. Some females within the group were less massive and more lengthy then for theoretical account the female in charge of the newborn gorilla. The mother of the baby gorilla, Kabibe, was much larger then the other females and she beted to assume more strength within the well- sell group.The male silverback, Oscar Jones, was imp ressively larger then any other gorillas in the enclosure and had a much larger head and weapons in comparison. He had long thick black hair with a patch of silver on his back symbolizing maturity. In total, I observed about six to eight gorillas out of the cages and moveing within the enclosure. The second species Iobserved around 340 pm were the siamangs, or symphalangus syndactylus. Their enclosure was much different then the previously observed gorillas enclosure. This one was about fifty feet high, 30 feet long, and 20 feet wide and in the shape of the letter L. Its made of reinforced glass from the bottom to about 10 feet high, then becomes a chain linked metal cage the rest of the track up. The structure contained many different objects from which the siamangs were able to use to climb up or down. Some of these objects included, climbing logs, swings, many thick pieces of rope, cylindrical shaped natural rubber tubes, planks of wood, and many other suspended objects. Towa rds the bottom of the enclosure, there were also a lot of plant keep and bushes or flower like things where the siamangs could sit or interact with one another when not climbing around. Within the enclosure, there were two siamangs. Although not labeled, since siamangs are monogamous primates, I assume one was male and one was female. Physically, the siamangs are salutary a bit larger then the other gibbons however still small in comparison to the apes. They develop no tails, are slender and long armed as they are arboreal lesser apes. They are covered with long dense black hair and rent long hooked nails.Siamangs are also known to eat up large throat sacs which they can use to let out a very cheapjack call to warn against predators. However, neither of these siamangs had the adaptive throat sacs. Also, there was not much difference in size between the male and female gender. After observing the two primate species and reviewing my field notes, I noticed the two species althou gh both part of the ape family, are not that similar in incident. For example, the gorillas social organization consists of a one male, multi female group with the male creation the alpha leader. He ensures that it is his genetics being passed on to the offspring and that is the only way he will protect and partake in the babys life. Due to being a one male, multi female group, it is not uncommon for gorilla males to kill any infant they assume is not theirs. There also reckoned to be a sense of hierarchy amongst the females themselves, with Kabibes mother, at the slip away of the female group. However, the male silverback Oscar Jones, was still maintaing authority amongst the entire group by charging the females. On the other pop off, the siamangs are a pair bonded group whom select mates for life and have a family. In the enclosure I observed, there were only two siamangs present who behaved very differently from one another.One siamang keep to be very active, swinging throu ghout the cage and constantly climbing up and down the metal fence. However, the other siamang, which I viewd to be female, sat on a small rock towards the bottom corner of the enclosure and did not interact with any bystanders or the other siamang at all. Also, my friend and I noticed this sitting siamang also seemed to appear as if it were depressed. Many clippings the active siamang would swing down and try and interact with his cooperator and the other siamang would just ignore him and continue staring down or out the glass. One of the gorillas I was observing displayed a way of getting food which I thought was quite intelligent. She grabbed a thin leaf filled branch from a tree and placed her hand at the top of the branch. Starting from the top she pulled her hand down towards the other end pulling any leaves out together instead of one by one. She then disposed of the branch by throwing it a few feet away from her. This showed a level of intelligence I have not seen in ot her primates. The gorillas mainly become to eating leaves and vegetation found in their enclosure from many trees and plants around. This similar to their natural habitat, does not offer them lots of nutritional value, however is available in large quantities and available year round. I am also assuming they are fed fruits by zoo employees as well for nutritional tint and value. The three females outside in the enclosure seemed to be isolated about 20 feet away from each other and spread around the enclosure. They did not seem to be sharing any source of food or interact much with one another unless they were nearing the cage door within the enclosure.The siamangs did not seem to display any signs of higher intelligence. One continued to constantly move around the cage by climbing up then swinging back down. The other siamang just sat in isolation and was not physically active much at all. They did not share anything amongst themselves and did not interact much either. The two pri mate species I observed did not have much in common, except for their diet. Both the gorillas and the siamangs are both primarily vegetarians and call for different types of leaves, fruits, and other plants found in their habitats. I was not able to observe how the siamangs acquired their food or how they react to meal time, however establish on my observations I assume the siamangs would not share much either due to their lack of interaction with one another. This throws me off because according to what I have learned in class, the siamangs are in fact mates with oneanother for life and yet they did not interact with one another at all during my observations at the zoo. I believe these similarities in diet exist because that the siamangs and gorillas are part of the ape family. However, the differences in behavior, mating, social organization, and intelligence also exist due to the fact that they are separated between the lesser apes (siamangs), and the great apes (gorillas). Anot her reason why these differences might exist is due to where the species originated from.Gorillas originally were from Africa mend Gibbons were found from Southeast Asia. Overall after reviewing my notes, I noticed that the Siamangs are much less intelligent then the gorillas, yet more active. I believe this is because the siamangs are much smaller, requiring less energy to move about their enclosure in such a fast and excited manner. The gorillas on the other hand are much more complex in behavior as they actually interact with one another by expressing sounds and or physical actions. They also seem to be aware the fact that many nation are around them notice, and they also react to this by hiding back in the cages or moving away behind a tree or rock structure. I have always believed that being held captive in a zoo, is no where close to being free in your natural habitat. How can one take an animal who should have the ability to roam endless land and have the need to survive i n the natural world and put them in a restricted enclosure, a fraction the size of their natural habitats and claim that these animals are happy there? I personally believe being in captivity and on display in a zoo has many proscribe effects on these animals. While observing the gorillas, they seemed to be heavily affected by their environment and surroundings. In a gorillas natural habitat, you would most likely begin them playing with one another, acquiring food, and being active. However, most times in zoos you simply find the gorillas not really doing anything besides just sitting there.These are most likely due to psychological effects brought on by being captive and put on display to thousands of people all the time. While observing, I noticed the gorillas did not really do much besides move around to their own spot of the enclosure, about twenty feet away from one another, and just sit there and stare at the people watching them. Also, these gorillas suffer mental trauma f rom being teased or provoked to a level where they feel threatened by all these yelling kids and or adults. I do not believe the behaviorsexhibited by gorillas in captivity are natural due to the fact that gorillas are very intelligent. According to GorillasWorld.com, As humans are watching them they will be watching as well. This is why they often pick up behaviors from people. As a result, behaviors seen by gorillas in a zoo would not be the same behaviors shown by wild gorillas in natural environment. With thousands of people standing around the enclosure yelling and making gestures towards the gorilla, it is safe to say the gorillas observe the humans behavior and fall back behaviors they have learned. The siamangs I observed also display a bit of natural and unnatural behaviors as well. For example, siamangs are arboreal primates who live in tree top canopies and are rarely seen walking on the ground. They use their long limbs and fingers as hooks to swing from branch or vine to another and that is how they calculate throughout the forests.One of the siamangs I was watching was very active and continued to swing back and forth throughout his enclosure almost the entire time I was watching. He would use logs and ropes to climb up to the top corner of the cage, then he would observe from up there for a few seconds. After, he would make his way back down towards the bottom of the enclosure and would leap around. This is natural behavior to be seen by a siamang even in the wild. However, the other siamang within the enclosure exhibited some worrying signs of unnatural behavior. This siamang was sitting on a rock of some sort around the enclosure floor and would stare down towards the ground or look out the glass. However, she would not move at all throughout my entire observation time and really seemed depressed. At one point, the other active siamang swung down and got very close to her and still she did not move or interact at all. Im assuming this is a p sychological effect brought on by being trapped in such a small containment instead of being able to roam about the forest and be free. I believe that this specific siamang has been held in captivity for a while longer due to the behavior shown. Observing these primates in their natural wild environment would have significantly different behavior observations. Living in the wild, these primates ingest struggles to survive such as finding sources of food, competition for mating, and also predators and dangers.These are not really things captive animals in zoos cognise due to human intervention. For example in the wild, gorillas are moving to a new camping ground very often due to predators such as large cats and build asleeping nest to stay protected. This is natural adaptive behavior found in gorillas however, you will not see this in captive gorillas because the only predators they experience are humans taunting or screaming at them and they do not have enough space available to travel distances. As a result of these observations, primates and other animals in captivity may not exhibit natural behaviors observed in their natural environment. After spending the day observing the behaviors of both the gorillas and the siamangs, I see some behavior patterns that I also see in humans. For example, the siamangs find mates for life and raise a family and that is their social group. This is basically most families around the world. Our social group normally consists of us with a single mate whom we raise children with. I believe the fact that we as humans ideally choose to settle down with a single partner and raise children has to do with our culture and not necessarily as an instinctual choice such as the siamangs.As humans most of us find it wrong to have more then one mate or parter and we call it cheating. However, based on my observations of the primates, it is a natural and instinctual decision to try and mate as much as possible to ensure your genetics bei ng passed on and carried through the future since that is lifes main objective. Another example is the effects of captivity the depressed siamang suffered from. This is very common in humans as well to become anti social or depressed when placed in a small room such as a jail cell. Studying primates can help us understand more of where humans came from due to our recent shared common ancestor. We are able to see some behavior patterns from the primates found in humans as well, however there are many behavioral patterns in the primates which is uncommon for humans. For example, the gorillas tended to be in isolation and spread out throughout the enclosure for most of the time. Humans on the other hand, if having to live together for a long period of time such as the gorillas, are more likely to build a tight knit group and have lots of interactions with one another.Based on my observations, there are some behavioral patterns found in both primates and humans. However the cause of the se patterns differ based on instinct and adaptations in primates compared to culture and morality in humans. I believe that by studying and observing behavioral patterns in primates, we can better understand where some of our own actions andbehaviors derived from, and whether its something that is instinctual and preprogrammed, or if it is something we have created and added to part of our culture as humans.Works CitedCawthon Lang KA. 2005 October 4. Primate Factsheets Gorilla (Gorilla) Behavior .

Dulce Et Decorum Est Analysis Essay

In Owens Dulce Et Decorum Est, Owen provides the reviewer with gentle universey examples of resource conveyed through various literary devices. In English, Dulce Et Decorum Est, translates to it is sweet and fitting, to die for your native land. The images of excitement, death, and sadness that argon painted by Owen are the most hygienic conveyed and therefore the most impactful images and to ultimately show the raillery in the poem beca employment of Owens choice of literary techniques. An example that is well communicate is GAS spatter Quick, boys An ecstasy of fumbling, fitting the clumsy helmets just in time these lines produce an image of excitement. The image of excitement Owen produces among the spends is done through the use of charged words and punctuation. The image that is produced from GAS Gas Quick, boys An ecstasy of fumbling, fitting the clumsy helmets just in time, bear be run alongd as a division of soldiers in the trenches going about the daily routine of shooting and getting shot at, undergo a horrid excitement of go down on set down in the trenches.Then, as a soldier barks, telling the others to place on the gas masks. By using words such as ecstasy, fumbling, and clumsy, Owen touches the endorsers emotion by depicting an action that is intense because this movement of the soldiers will either mean life or a slacken, painful death. Also, the punctuation that is put in produces an envisionment of an officer barking at the younger, less experienced soldiery, telling the soldiers to put on the masks over the words GAS Gas Quick, boys The overall image smoothly and excitingly transitions from the walking, bloody, and fatigued troops to a life or death situation that makes an essential impact on the poem. Though the troop of men successfully disposed the gas masks, Owen continues on to further depict an image of a not so fortunate man who did not have the same privilege. The picture from And floundering wish well a man in fi re or lime. Dim, through the misty panes and thick green light As under a green sea, I saw him drowning can be described as an unfortunate man that is being eradicated through a short, painful death.By using imagery to describe the dying man that could be seen through the thick, green and misty gas, Owen describes a painful death of a soldier in such detail through the use of imagery, allows the reader to picture this deathly painting. . Also, the metaphor, As under a green sea compares murky sea water to the thickness . In Owens Dulce Et Decorum Est, Owen provides the reader with many examples of imagery conveyed through various literary devices. In English, Dulce Et Decorum Est, translates to it is sweet and fitting, to die for your native land. The images of excitement, death, and sadness that are painted by Owen are the most well conveyed and therefore the most impactful images and to ultimately show the irony in the poem because of Owens choice of literary techniques. An examp le that is well projected is GAS Gas Quick, boys An ecstasy of fumbling, fitting the clumsy helmets just in time these lines produce an image of excitement. The image of excitement Owen produces among the soldiers is done through the use of charged words and punctuation. The image that is produced from GASGas Quick, boys An ecstasy of fumbling, fitting the clumsy helmets just in time, can be described as a division of soldiers in the trenches going about the daily routine of shooting and getting shot at, undergo a horrid excitement of gas landing in the trenches. Then, as a soldier barks, telling the others to place on the gas masks. By using words such as ecstasy, fumbling, and clumsy, Owen touches the readers emotion by depicting an action that is intense because this movement of the soldiers will either mean life or a slow, painful death.Also, the punctuation that is present produces an envisionment of an officer barking at the younger, less experienced troops, telling the sol diers to put on the masks over the words GAS Gas Quick, boys The overall image smoothly and excitingly transitions from the walking, bloody, and fatigued troops to a life or death situation that makes an essential impact on the poem. Though the troop of men successfully attached the gas masks, Owen continues on to further depict an image of a not so fortunate man who did not have the same privilege.The picture from And floundering like a man in fire or lime. Dim, through the misty panes and thick green light As under a green sea, I saw him drowning can be described as an unfortunate man that is being eradicated through a short, painful death. By using imagery to describe the dying man that could be seen through the thick, green and misty gas, Owen describes a painful death of a soldier in such detail through the use of imagery, allows the reader to picture this deathly painting.. Also, the metaphor, As under a green sea compares murky sea water to the thickness and coloration of t he gas the soldier is entrapped in. The picture continues the previous image of the soldiers affixing the masks to an unfortunate man that was not able to do so, and paid the price. Before the splurge of excitement and the dying of a soldier, the same group of men were already suffering from the effects of war as depicted previously in the poem.The picture of death Owen conveys among the unlucky soldier is done through the use of imagery and metaphor. The depiction of the sadness of war Owen coins among the unlucky soldiers is completed through the use of punctuation and charged words from galore(postnominal) lost their boots but limped on, blood-shod. All went lame all blind Drunk with fatigue deaf even to the hoots Of disappointed shells that dropped behind. By employing punctuation to illustrate the slow and trudging group of men.With every punctuation within the lines of poetry, the punctuation characterizes a pause in the soldiers walking as they prepare for the next seemingly endless graduation through the sludge in the trenches. Also, the charged words such as limped, lame, and deaf, allow the reader to put envision what it was like to be in a soldiers boots and experience the true colors of war sadness and despair. The image shows the condition of the group of soldiers as well as the landscape the soldiers call home.By employing the literary devices of punctuation and charged words, Owen gives the reader an envisionment of the group of men and the tolls of war. Through Owens choice of literary devices, Owen successfully portrays excitement, death, and sadness to the reader and without these images, Owen could not have conveyed the irony in the phrase Dulce Et Decorum Est. The portraits of the soldiers equipped with gas masks, the dying soldier, and the condition of the troops show the true colors of war, which is what Owen was attempting to convey throughout the poem.

Criminological Theory and Burglary Essay

Scarce question is available on active offenders due to their unwillingness to corporate with researchers and past and convicted offenders may energize changed their perspectives after being convicted or left their lifestyle of discourtesy. The most reliable data on these offenses and their perpetrators may come from active burglars themselves. Richard T. Wright and Scott Deckers book, marauders on the stemma seeks to explain the reasons why burglars arrange the crimes they do. They have taken their research to another level by gaining the trust of active offenders in the St.Louis bea and gaining inside friendship of these criminals daily lives and their crimes.This paper will address anomie and bond theories and how it relates to the offenders in this study and the socialization of these subjects into criminality and the street culture in which they live. Conventional Goals? tally to Robert Mertons anomie system, people are not born criminals they conform to the environmen t in which they live. Conventional means of reaching a goal are of x more readily available to some than others in our edict. Merton suggests that crime is a result of this bias due to the anomic culture in America.Our society places great emphasis on the American Dream but stuffy means of reaching this goal are denied to some unfortunate individuals, placing strain on them. The burglars in Wright and Deckers book have conventional goals, but privation the capacity to achieve them by conventional means. Burglar 30 Mark metalworker says, I didnt have the luxury of laying cover charge in no damn pinstriped suit. Im poor and Im raggedy and I need some food and I need some shoes So I got to have some money some benign of way.If its got to be the wrong way, then so be it. (pg. 7) This burglar has the conventional goal of buying food and shoes but, as anomie theory suggest, does not have the conventional means of accomplishting what he motivations, therefore he overstretchs crime to obtain the money to buy what he desires. Not all burglar in this study claimed to have conventional goals, drugs were a popular desire among these offenders as well. These burglars want to get high and party continuously, but alternatively than gain lawful employment to supply their habits, they would rather burglarize a residence to gain the financial means to keep the party going.This is evident in one burglars response to why he chooses to commit the crimes he does. Burglar 009 Richard Jackson replies, You ever had an urge before? Maybe a cigarette urge or a food urge, where you eat that and you get to have more and more? Thats how the crack is. You smoke it and it hits you in the back of the throat and you got to have more(pg. 39) The volume of these offenders wanted the status and appearance of being successful, the American Dream, but lacked the resources or drives to reach their goals conventionally. The book describes the majority of the offenders as having very few re sources in which to work with.Wright and Decker write, Decent employment opportunities are limited for inner city residents and the offenders, who by large are naughtily educated, unskilled, and heavy illicit drugs and alcohol users, are not well placed to compete for the few good jobs available. (pg. 50) When field researchers asked them why they chose burglary over other lucid means some replied that they were unable to gain suitable employment or they just didnt want a job to infringe on their ongoing lifestyles. Burglar 085 Tony Scott replied, I aint workin and too lazy to work and just all that.I like it to where I can just egest around(pg. 48) Some burglars wished to gain lawful employment, Wright and Decker write, 43 of the 78 unemployed subjects who said they did burglaries mostly for the money claimed they would stop committing offenses if someone gave them a good job. (pg. 49) Since the general expectation of these offenders was financially motivated, conventional goa ls are present as is innovation. Some of these offenders burglarized for drugs, even burglarizing their drug dealers home, making them rebels instead of innovators.Burglar 24 James Brown says, My house burglaries are based on dope dealers. (pg. 66) Merton describes rebels as those who lack conventional goals and the conventional means of reaching them. I would even describe some of them as retreatist, according to Mertons theory, as they use drugs and criminal behavior as a way to escape the pressures or strains placed on them. One burglar, Ricky Davis 015 describes how he burglarizes and spends his money on drugs, alcohol, and prostitution. He has unconventional goals, with no apparent desire to live a conventional lifestyle.He says, I spend the money on something to drink, then get me some marijuana. Then Im gonna find me a duck. (pg. 42) Weak Social bonds A bond theory explanation would suggest that the offenders lacked adequate social bonds which, in turn, gave them the toler antdom to commit crimes. They did not have the parental guidance to steer them away(predicate) from crime. The social bonds in Travis Hirshis bond theory are attachment, commitment, involvement, and belief. Several of these offenders seemed to be lacking in at least one of these areas. Attachment, or randy closeness to others, was lacking in many of these offenders.They were more attached to the street culture than decent culture. Those offenders who did mention their families never spoke of engagement with them other than in the context of trying to borrow money from them or burglarizing them. This shows that these offenders had very weak, if any, attachment bonds. Most of these offenders had very little commitment either. As stated earlier, they had little education, no jobs, and no social networks to deter them from a life of crime. They had nothing or almost nothing to lose. The offenders involvement in conventional activities was also very limited.Their strongest involvements seemed to be with their street life. They felt that jobs or other conventional activities would damper their party time. Burglar 85 Scott says, I aint got to go to bed at a certain time to get up at a certain time. Go to bed around one oclock or whenever I want. Aint got to go to work and work eight hours. Just go in and do a five minute job, get that money, and thats basically it. (pg. 48) It is the quick and easy, with very little planning or effort, that makes burglary a choice crime for these offenders.While some offenders seemed to hold some conventional moral values, others seemed only to be thinking of themselves in their day to day activities. Burglar 13 Larry Washington states, see, if you rob a person, they can identify you parkway you lookin right at em you know? They lookin right at you and they can identify you. And armed robbery is what? Five to ten years? Or ten to fifteen years? This offender prefers burglary over robbery out of fear of a harsher punishment for himself if caught. He shows no consideration of the victim.Burglar 79 analyze Leo, on the other hand, did show some compassion for a victim in his statement, Id never personally rob a tender being, like walk up to them and say, Give me your wallet and give me your purse No Way Hirishi believed that all people are equally motivated to commit crimes but that motivation in itself was not strong enough to overpower their social bonds and push them into a life of crime. The lack of these social bonds gave them the freedom to commit their crimes, and the motivation was already present as it is in all people. The social bond theory generally sums up crime as it relates to their social bonds.As these bonds weaken and begin to deteriorate, the restraints that once bound you and kept you abiding by the law are loosened. This differs from anomie theory in that, anomie explains crime as being a result of strain placed on an individual from income inequality, socioeconomic status, etc. Thes e theories are both plausible explanations as to why these offenders commit their crimes. High strain and lack of solid bonds may both play a vital role in criminal roles. Now lets take a look at how socialization and self-control relate to crime. Socialization and Self ControlSocialization into crime refers to an individual who conforms to the norms and roles in their tending(p) communities. I believe that these offenders criminality can be attributed to their socialization into an environment that values low self-control. The offenders in this study exhibited spontaneity in their decisions to commit burglaries, amplifying their lack of self-control. These offenders learned a great deal about their communities, the people who live in it and their vulnerabilities and so were able to commit their crimes putting forth little effort or planning.In my opinion there is a connection between criminality, low self-control, and the culture of immediate gratification. These offenders seem t o have gone through a process starting off with socialization into street culture which leads them to a lack of self-control, and then the culture of immediate gratification. To simplify Gottfredson and Hirishis self-control theory, I would say that low self-control is related to crime and that need for immediate gratification and low self-control are connecting factors that contribute to criminal behavior.These offenders are modify to spending a lot of time on street corners with other offenders, learning the ways of the street, so to speak. This is their socialization period. Once they are socialized into crime they lose their sense of self control. These offenders apparently dont have much guidance from their parents or others because they are allotted so much free time to commit their crimes. This tells me that their parents likely dont have strong social control either. Once their social control is lost, they yearn for immediate gratification.They want things right now they ar e not willing to wait until they can find a job and get it conventionally. All the research done by Wright and Decker has shed light on the lifestyle of an active burglar. As mentioned in the introduction, this research is scarce but could be much more reliable than research conducted with offenders who are no longer active burglars. This type of field research should be continued and expanded with all types of crimes, which may give us a better understanding of what drives people to commit them and in the long run may help us understand how to stop them.

Public Speaking, Fears and Concerns.

Fears and Concerns most Public Speaking Fears and Concerns about Public Speaking There be many things in this world that one can have a fear of. One could be scared of bugs, the dark, or heights exclusively a major fear is the fear of having to speak in public. In ever soyday life public speaking is necessary, whether it be in a social or professional setting. My biggest fears and concerns about public speaking are being the center of attention, rejection, and failure. Being the center of attention can be very nerve racking.Are they judicial decision the way I am dressed or the way I present myself? Are they paying attention to what I have to say? Or even, what allow for they think of me when I am done my presentation? Lastly, can I stop my nervous habits long enough to finish my presentation? These are all questions that run through my head that could easily distract me from actually presenting in the way I would like too. At some point everyone has to be concerned about reje ction. This is also one of my main fears and concerns.The fact that not everyone will agree with, or accept, the point I am trying to portray. perchance they just will not care or give me the time of day, and maybe even try to conflict with what I have to say. Then it will feel like I have wasted my time to come up with a presentation just to be ridiculed. No one ever thinks to themselves that they want to be a failure. My fears could distract me from delivering my presentation in the way I would like. I could stutter, for corroborate what to say, or just not be as well prepared as I thought.This would all lead to a miserable presentation failure. Would I ever gain respect of my audience once again? I do not want to be thought of as a failure. That is probably my worst concern about public speaking. With all kinds of fears and concerns about public speaking, it is difficult to think that one could get over them to go on to become a great public speaker. I would like to get over my fears so that I can continue through life with no concerns. I feel it will take time and practice but with the help of this class as well, I can be on my way to being a great public speaker.

Entire Course (Managerial Economics) Essay

Firm Objectives.Why do some worry firms operate a triple-bottom-line offspring objet dart others focus only on profit maximization? Please, use a real connection example to illustrate your pointsDecision Making Under Uncertainty. To give up on gasoline expenses, Edith and Mathew agreed to carpool together for failing to and from work. Edith preferred to travel on I-20 passage as it was usually the fastest, taking 25 minutes in the absence of duty delays. Mathew pointed out that duty jams on the highway can lead to long delays making the trip 45 minutes. He preferred to travel along Shea Boulevard, which was longer (35 minutes), but rarely had traffic jams. Edith agreed that in case of traffic jams, Shea Boulevard was a reasonable alternative. Neither of them knows the state of the highway ahead of time. After driving to work on the I-20 highway for 1 month (20 workdays), they found the highway to be jammed 3 quantify.Assuming that this month is a good representation of al l months ahead, should Edith and Mathew continue to use the highway for traveling to work? How would you conclusion convince for the winter months, if bad weather makes it likely for traffic jams on the highway to increase to 6 days per month? How would your conclusion change if Mathew purchased a new smart-phone app that could show the status of the highway traffic prior to their drive each morning, thus reducing the probability of them getting into a jam down to only 1day per month (where on this day, the app showed no traffic jam, but a jam developed in the meantime as they were driving along the highway).Economics of Risk and Uncertainty Applied Problems.Please, complete the sideline 3 applied problems in a Word or Excel document. Show all your calculations and condone your results. Submit your concession in the drop encase by using the Assignment Submission button. 1. A generous university benefactor has agreed to donate a large amount of propertyfor student scholarships . The money can be provided in one lump-sum of $10mln, or in parts, where $5.5mln can be provided in class 1, and another(prenominal) $5.5mln can be provided in year 2. Assuming the opportunity interest rate is 6%, what is the present value of the second alternative? Which of the dickens alternatives should be chosen and why? How would your decision change if the opportunity interest rate was 12%?Please, show all your calculations. 2. Volkswagen is considering opening an Assembly Plant in Chattanooga, Tennessee, for the mathematical production of its 2012 Passat, tailored for the US market place. The CEO of the follow is considering two potential options for the size of the plant one is a large size with a projected annual production of 150,000 cars, and the other one is a smaller size plant, which is cheaper to build, but can only produce up to 80,000 cars per year. Depending on the expected level of demand for these cars in the US, Volkswagen has to decide which option is mo re profitable. The discount rate is 6% and for simplicity purposes, the CEO is only evaluating a two-year horizon. The initial factory setup cost, the expected demand scenarios, profit, and probabilities are shows in the below table. Calculate the Net Present Value in each of the two options. Which option should the CEO choose and why? Please, show all your calculations.3. An nonesuch investor is considering investing in one of two start-up businesses and is evaluating the expected returns along with the risk of each option in order to choose the better alternative. Business 1 is an innovative protein energy drink, which has ENPV of $100,000 with a standard leaving of $40,000. Business 2 is a unique chicken wings dipping sauce with an ENPV of $60,000 and a standard deviation of $25,000. a) Apply the coefficient-of-variation decision criterion to these alternatives to find out which is preferred by the angel investor, assuming that he/she is risk-averse. b) Apply the maximin criter ion, assuming that the worst outcome in Business 1 is to lose $5,000, whereas the worst outcome in Business 2 is to make only $5,000 in profit. c) If you were the angel investor, what is your certainty equivalent for these two projects? Are you risk-averse, risk-neutral, or risk-lover?Week 2Marginal Rate of Substitution.What is the marginal rate of substitution (MRS) and why does it diminish asthe consumer substitutes one product for another? utilization examples to illustrateDemand Elasticity.Please, read the article Hainer, R. (2010), provided in the required readings section for this week. The tobacco industry is a prime example to consider when lecture closely price elasticity of demand. While nicotine use can be addictive for many users, it is not addictive for the so-called social smokers. What can we allege about the price elasticity of demand for nicotine products (such as cigarettes, pipes, tobacco) in the group of nicotine addicted users, versus the group of social smo kers? Can we say whose demand is likely to be more elastic? Why?Consumer Demand Analysis and approximation Applied Problems.Please, complete the following 3 applied problems in a Word or Excel document. Show all your calculations and explain your results. Submit your assignment in the drop box by using the Assignment Submission button. 1. Roshima is researching universities where she could study for her MBA degree. She is considering 3 major attributes that she considers important in her choice rank, price, and location. The value she places on each attribute, however, differs according to whether she remains full-time employed during her studies or quits her traffic and focuses on her degree. If she continues to work full time and takes all her courses online, then ranking is the most important attribute, twice as important as price and three times as important as location. If she quits her job and attends school full time, then location becomes three times as important as ranking and twice as important as price.She is considering two universities, respectively, the MBA program at Arizona State University (ASU) and the MBA program at University of Phoenix (UOP), both of which are priced at approximately $25,000. She has rated each attribute on a scale of 1 to 100 for each of the two schools. a. Which of the two options should Roshima pursue of she wants to keep her full-time job? (Calculate the total expected utility from each school option and compare. Graph is not required) b. Which of the two options should she pick if she plans to quit her job and dedicate to her studies? c. Which option should she pursue if the probability of being laid off and unable to find a new job is estimated as0.6? Show your calculations and explain your reasoning.2. The demand function for wiz Bagels has been estimated as follows 40.73Px + 84.17Py + 0.55Axwhere Qx represents thousands of bagels Px is the price per bagel Py is the average price per bagel of other brands of bage ls and Ax represents thousands of dollars spent advertising brainpower Bagels. The current values of the self-governing variables are , , and a. Calculate the price elasticity of demand for Einsteins Bagels and explain what it means. b. Derive an expression for the (inverse) demand curve for Einsteinss Bagels. c. If the cost of producing Einsteins Bagels is constant at $0.10 per bagel, should they reduce price and thereafter, sell more bagels (assume profit maximization is the companys goal)? d. Should Einstein Bagels spend more on advertising?3. The consulting firm that you work for has been hired by the US Government to provide an independent analysis of the demand-side effects of a contem shieldd increase in the valuate on gasoline. They provide you with a data set relating to the period 1962-1987, which they say contains valuable historic lessons relating to the impact of volatile pump prices due to the supply restrictions obligate by the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC), and the Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) regulations that required car manufacturers to increase the fuel efficiency of the cars they s over-the-hill, while at the same time Real Disposable Income (RDI) per capita was rising, the number of passenger cars (NPC) almost doubled, and inflation was pushing up the Consumer Price Index (CPI).Week 3 germane(predicate) Costs.Two partners own together a small landscaping business in North Carolina, called Summer Lawn Care. They have been ad hocizing in summer grass seeding, installation, and maintenance. Recently, the partners acquired special technology and know-how for winter grass installations and maintenance. They also added a tree cutting service as recent storms in thearea had caused demand for this service to soar. atomic number 53 of the partners insists that the name of the business should change to Lawn and Tree Care, so that it better reflects the range of services and, thus, generates more customer inter est, and thus contracts. The second partner wants to keep the old name and argues, We have already paid for business cards, vehicle paint, signage, and ads in Yellow Pages. Evaluate the arguments of the two partners. Explain and illustrate their points by identifying the relevant and strange cost for this decision.Contribution Analysis.Explain what is meant by contribution analysis. Carefully define the term and provide examples to illustrate it.Production Cost Analysis and Estimation Applied Problems.Please, complete the following 3 applied problems in a Word or Excel document. Show all your calculations and explain your results. Submit your assignment in the drop box by using the Assignment Submission button. 1. Jennifer Trucking come with operates a large rig transportation business in Texas that transports locally freehanded vegetables to San Diego, California. The company owns 5 large rigs and hires local number one woods paid fixed salaries periodic, regardless of the num ber of trips or tons of cargo that each driver transports each month. 2. The Palms Dry Cleaning Shop in Fort Lauderdale, Florida, faces a highly seasonal demand for its services, as the snow-birds retirees flock to Florida in mid-fall to enjoy the diffuse winter weather and then return to their main homes in mid-spring. Given this seasonality, Palms tries to keep the overhead costs as low as possible and therefore, very much uses seasonal contracted labor to man its operations.The following table shows the labor costs in each month of operation over the past 12 months as well as the total number of garments that were dry-cleaned in each month. Palms pays fixed wages per hour to each employee, and we can assume that the costs of other variable inputs (such as chemicals, electricity, etc) have remained constant. 3. Over the past 12 months the Four Winds Novelty Company firm has recorded its internet sales (equals monthly output levels) and its monthly total variable costs (TVC) for a particular novelty item as shown in the following table. Sales have grown over this period withrelatively few shocks due to uncontrollable weather, political and sporting display cases. This online retailer carries no inventories when it receives a pre-paid on-line order from a customer, it but buys the product from a supplier and ships it out to the customer.Week 4Strategic Behavior Oligopolies. An interesting example of strategic behavior comes from a 1997 article about Microsofts investment in Apple (New Straits Times, 1997). The article is included in the mandatory Readings list. Facing tough anti-trust scrutiny from government agencies, Microsoft provided financial bridge over to Apple in order to ensure Apples survival and, therefore, to ensure that hawkishness in the industry remains. Moreover, the partnership with Apple provided an additional market for Microsofts products the MS Office and the IE products were to be bundled with the MAC OS as one of the conditions fo r this financing. Discuss this case in the context of market social organization and strategic behavior. What market structure do these firms operate in? Why did Microsoft need to preserve competitiveness in the industry? What was Microsoft afraid of in the event that Apple did not survive?Local Market Power. Bulls Eye department store specializes in the sales of discounted clothing, shoes, household items, etc. similar to the offerings at a regular Walmart or Target. Bulls Eye is the only department store in Show Low and the nearest other discount retailer is Target, located 49 miles away in Eagar. Bulls Eye, therefore, has some market power in its local area. Despite having some market power, Bulls Eye is currently suffering losses. An analyst at Bulls Eye is recommending to the manager to raise prices, so that profitability can be improved. The manager is unsure of this strategy as recent data points to increasing number of individuals shopping more and more. What are the pros and cons of raising the prices at Bulls Eye and would that strategy be profitable?Market Structures and Pricing Decisions Applied Problems. A small business which produces plastic vacuum-suction covers for round household dishes hasa monopoly that is protected by a utility patent. The market demand curve for this product is estimated to be 25P where Q is the number of plate covers per year and P is in dollars. Cost estimation processes have determined that the firms cost function is represented by + 2500Q -0.25*Q2. 2. Greener Grass Company (GGC) competes with its main rival, Better Lawns and Gardens (BLG), in the supply and installation of in-ground lawn watering frames in the wealthy western suburbs of a major east-coast city.Last year, GGCs price for the typical lawn system was $1,995 compared with BLGs price of $2,100. GGC installed 9,130 systems, or about 55% of total sales and BLG installed the rest. (No doubt many additional systems were installed by do-it-yourself homeowner s since the parts are pronto available at hardware stores.)Week 5Good Will in Price Bidding. Sometimes, a bidder on a work contract whitethorn bid lower than what would maximize his/her profit from the contract and the reason for that is to create goodwill (to increase expected future business from the buyer). How would you value the goodwill that is obtained in this way?New Product Introduction. Bayer Schering Pharma AG, Germany owns the Alka-Seltzer, which was launched in 1931 and was meant for relief of minor aches, pains, inflammation, fever, headache, heartburn, sour stomach, indigestion, and hangovers. The Alka-Seltzer Plus was a spin-off of the original medicine, meant to relieve colds and flu. The company has recently introduced a new and improved Alka-Seltzer Plus, as described in the TV ad The Cold Truth, (please, watch the ad listed in the Required Readings)Price Quotes and Pricing Decisions Applied Problems. Please, complete the following 3 applied problems in a Word or Excel document. Show all your calculations and explain your results. Submit your assignment in the drop box by using the Assignment Submission button. Maxim Motronics A.G. have been marketing a new product in Europe that has achieved notable market success and it now plans to introduce this product into the United Statesmarket.Week 6Game Theory and Strategic Behavior. call up that GE is trying to prevent Maytag from entering the market for high efficiency clothes dryers. Even though high efficiency dryers are more pricy to produce, they are also more profitable as they command sufficiently higher prices from consumers. The following payoffs table shows the annual profits for GE and Maytag for the advertising expenditure and entry decisions that they are facing. Based on this information, can GE successfully prevent Maytag from entering this market by increasing its advertising levels? What is the equilibrium outcome in this game? Sustainable Competitive Advantage. Describe the cir cumstances under which a firm chooses a low-cost strategy to attain sustainable competitive advantage. What about the situations when a differentiation strategy is chosen? Provide specific real world examples. Focus of the Final PaperResearch a specific company of your choice and identify some of the managerial decisions that were made over time and in response to changes in its market or competitive environment. Use the Ashford University Online Library and web-based sources for your research. At least three external scholarly sources must be used. Address all of the following areas Describe the company and provide a brief history of its operations. Find or use graphs to illustrate its financial performance over the years. Identify any sources of risk or uncertainty in its operations. Do the financial reports indicate risky or uncertain activities or changes to the economic environment that ultimately appear to have affected the companys financial outcomes? Be specific. Are there a ny government regulations that have affected this companys operations domestically or abroad? Explain.

Home schooling Essay

Home schooled children are argued to pay problems concerning their social development. This is expected to happen since their initiation is perceived to be limited and devoid of contact with children who are also developing like them. It may be a surprise to many precisely it is not true and there are several reasons that are primarily empirical proofs to the issue. The following are compelling evidences that there is no such liaison as social development problems that accompany home schooled children.The issue on social development lies on the premise that social skills and emotional light have a lot to do with successful adaptation and better if not excellent performance in academics and much later in the workplace. Social adjustment then is a key component in the much heralded findings on emotional intelligences quotient (EI or EQ) superiority over intelligence quotient (traditionally known standard of measurement).In addition, the rationale for home learning is more than p rotecting the child from the more negative influences that are in the current educational systems today believers of the home school paradigm look forward to developing lifelong learners who are better catalysts in the ever-changing world we live in. What ordure be more compelling are independent studies advanced and done by Shyers, Seligman, Adams and Smedley whose works have been either intentionally overlooked rather by those educators and policymakers who refused to have their perceptions changed or could not simply afford the change to occur.Seligman is known for his treatise on optimism as a concept that defines and describes the kind of child who has an edge in the harsh realities of the school and the environment as a whole which moldiness be chew the fatn developing in a child (Bunday, 2006). Schools churn out children who must have high self-esteem for them to succeed, but ironically, it has become eluded the school and the children.Optimism is only built within the chil d through the parental oversight rather than a schools primary task hence, home schooling can be deduced as better at it than the traditional venue. Socialization if we take succession to think about it has something to do with maturity and the ability to understand other people and have the sensitivity to look at others in their respective contexts which in essence adults with experience and wisdom can do and can train or convey to their children in a personal way.Not so with a bigger and more impersonal school system (Bunday, 2006). Adams wrote about the better way which is biblical approach of training children and home is the foundational avenue to instill these set of respect, cooperation and consideration of others (Bunday, 2006). Shyers in a well-researched thesis did a comparative study on the traditional and home school set up employing the Piers-Harris Childrens Self-Concept overcome to measure self-esteem showing that there is not a significant difference between the r esults of the two groups (Shyers, 2009).The implications simply reveal of the home school grace that defies the kind of training deemed only to be received or provided by the school system a picture of children in the area of socialization and their abilities to see themselves among difference kinds of people and situations regardless of whether they come from the traditional or home schooled way (Bunday, 2006).Lastly, Smedley discussed in his seminal work focused on daily living, intercourse and socialization skills as items of interest and found out that home schooled children scored higher with percentile at 84 in comparison to the percentile of 27 on the traditionally schooled children. Smedley used the Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales which is a standardized tool or instrument in his study. Conclusions in the study are obviously enlighten home schooling is better at the main issue posited by most opponents on the system (Bunday, 2006).Therefore, socialization is not impossi ble with home schooling and cannot be levelled at those who choose to have their children trained to learn life skills at home. Reference Bunday, Karl 2006. Socialization A Great Reason Not to Go to School. Accessed May 7, 2009 at http//learninfreedom. org/socialization. html Shyers, Larry E (2009). Comparison of Social Adjustment Between Home and Traditionally Schooled Students. DA9304052, from UMI, 1 (800) 521-3042. )